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<p>Reservoir dams are critical for hydropower, irrigation, and flood protection, with spillways serving as essential safety outlets for flood waters. Their steep slopes produce high flow velocities, while turbulence at the spillway invert interacts with the free surface to induce self-aeration, resulting in “white waters”. A thorough understanding of these phenomena is vital for the robust design of spillways. However, progress in quantitatively describing these processes is limited by scarce, comprehensive air-water flow data downstream of the aeration inception point. Experiments on a large-scale physical model, with systematic variations in discharge and invert roughness, employed advanced instrumentation such as laser Doppler anemometry and dual-tip conductivity probes to measure flow velocities and air concentrations. Video analysis was used to determine a reference inception point. This study deepens our insight into high-energy air-water flows and supports improved design of spillways. </p>

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Auswirkung der Sohlenrauheit von Schussrinnen auf die Entwicklung der Wasser-Luft-Strömung

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月3日

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  • Carolin Friz,
  • Matthias Bürgler,
  • Benjamin Hohermuth,
  • David F. Vetsch,
  • Robert Boes

摘要

Reservoir dams are critical for hydropower, irrigation, and flood protection, with spillways serving as essential safety outlets for flood waters. Their steep slopes produce high flow velocities, while turbulence at the spillway invert interacts with the free surface to induce self-aeration, resulting in “white waters”. A thorough understanding of these phenomena is vital for the robust design of spillways. However, progress in quantitatively describing these processes is limited by scarce, comprehensive air-water flow data downstream of the aeration inception point. Experiments on a large-scale physical model, with systematic variations in discharge and invert roughness, employed advanced instrumentation such as laser Doppler anemometry and dual-tip conductivity probes to measure flow velocities and air concentrations. Video analysis was used to determine a reference inception point. This study deepens our insight into high-energy air-water flows and supports improved design of spillways.