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Background <p>Brucellosis, caused by the gram-negative bacterium <i>Brucella</i> spp. (mainly by&#xa0;<i>B.&#xa0;melitensis</i>, <i>B. abortus</i>&#xa0;or <i>B. suis</i>) is one of the most widespread neglected zoonotic diseases. The global number of human cases is underestimated due to the lack of comprehensive surveillance systems in endemic regions. In Germany, brucellosis is a notifiable disease and case counts are stable at low levels with around 30–40 cases per year. Almost all cases are imported from endemic regions like the Mediterranean basin and the Middle East. Different <i>Brucella</i> spp. are pathogenic for a wide variety of animals and typical sites of infection are the&#xa0;reproductive organs (both in female and male animals). In humans, involvement of the female genito-urinary system is rare and only a few cases have been reported.</p> Case presentation <p>Here, we present a clinical case of bilateral tubo-ovarian abscesses with spread to the appendix in a 29-year-old woman of Bosnian origin, that was caused by <i>Brucella melitensis</i></p> Conclusions <p>Our report discusses the lessons learned from this rare complication of brucellosis in a non-endemic region, scrutinizes the involvement of a dermoid cyst as hideout for chronic infection and summarizes current data on brucellosis epidemiology worldwide and in Germany.</p>

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A rare complication in humans of a rare disease in Germany: a case of bilateral tubo-ovarian abscesses caused by Brucella melitensis

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月27日

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  • Sabine Zange,
  • Mike H. Pillukat,
  • Kristina Wohlfart,
  • August Stich,
  • Hans-Peter Maidhof,
  • Michael Seidel,
  • Daniel Lang,
  • Enrico Mantel

摘要

Background

Brucellosis, caused by the gram-negative bacterium Brucella spp. (mainly by B. melitensis, B. abortus or B. suis) is one of the most widespread neglected zoonotic diseases. The global number of human cases is underestimated due to the lack of comprehensive surveillance systems in endemic regions. In Germany, brucellosis is a notifiable disease and case counts are stable at low levels with around 30–40 cases per year. Almost all cases are imported from endemic regions like the Mediterranean basin and the Middle East. Different Brucella spp. are pathogenic for a wide variety of animals and typical sites of infection are the reproductive organs (both in female and male animals). In humans, involvement of the female genito-urinary system is rare and only a few cases have been reported.

Case presentation

Here, we present a clinical case of bilateral tubo-ovarian abscesses with spread to the appendix in a 29-year-old woman of Bosnian origin, that was caused by Brucella melitensis

Conclusions

Our report discusses the lessons learned from this rare complication of brucellosis in a non-endemic region, scrutinizes the involvement of a dermoid cyst as hideout for chronic infection and summarizes current data on brucellosis epidemiology worldwide and in Germany.