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<p>Stream biofilms play a crucial role in the adsorption, accumulation, and biodegradation of pesticides in aquatic systems affected by agricultural activities. However, their response to environmental mixtures of these contaminants under different land uses and seasonal variations remains poorly characterized. This study evaluated the capacity of biofilms to remove pesticides across three land uses: conventional horticulture, transitional agroecological horticulture, and extensive livestock, during autumn and spring seasons. Using sediment elutriate bioassays from characterized land uses and pesticide removal was quantified after one week of exposure. Pesticide and nutrient concentrations were highest during spring, particularly in horticultural land uses. Biofilms exposed to conventional and agroecological elutriates showed the highest removal efficiencies, especially for herbicides (atrazine, glyphosate, imazapic) and fungicides (tebuconazole, fludioxonil), which were associated with the higher concentrations and diversity of pesticides at these sites. Removal efficiency was compound-dependent: atrazine, imidacloprid, and tebuconazole exhibited enhanced removal at higher concentrations, whereas glyphosate showed an inverse response. These results highlight that pesticide accumulation in biofilms varies according to physicochemical properties, exposure concentration, land use, and seasonality, supporting the use of biofilms as a sustainable tool for the remediation and monitoring of contaminants in agricultural fluvial systems.</p>

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Pesticide removal by fluvial biofilms in lowland streams under different land uses and agricultural seasons

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月26日

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  • M. A. Mujica,
  • E. De Gerónimo,
  • A. Mosca,
  • S. L. Fanelli,
  • A. H. Paracampo,
  • J. Cochero

摘要

Stream biofilms play a crucial role in the adsorption, accumulation, and biodegradation of pesticides in aquatic systems affected by agricultural activities. However, their response to environmental mixtures of these contaminants under different land uses and seasonal variations remains poorly characterized. This study evaluated the capacity of biofilms to remove pesticides across three land uses: conventional horticulture, transitional agroecological horticulture, and extensive livestock, during autumn and spring seasons. Using sediment elutriate bioassays from characterized land uses and pesticide removal was quantified after one week of exposure. Pesticide and nutrient concentrations were highest during spring, particularly in horticultural land uses. Biofilms exposed to conventional and agroecological elutriates showed the highest removal efficiencies, especially for herbicides (atrazine, glyphosate, imazapic) and fungicides (tebuconazole, fludioxonil), which were associated with the higher concentrations and diversity of pesticides at these sites. Removal efficiency was compound-dependent: atrazine, imidacloprid, and tebuconazole exhibited enhanced removal at higher concentrations, whereas glyphosate showed an inverse response. These results highlight that pesticide accumulation in biofilms varies according to physicochemical properties, exposure concentration, land use, and seasonality, supporting the use of biofilms as a sustainable tool for the remediation and monitoring of contaminants in agricultural fluvial systems.