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<p>The expanding application of cationic surfactants across various fields has intensified interest in synthesizing derivatives containing novel functional groups. A series of cationic surfactants featuring 2-hydroxypropyl-pyrrolidinium head group and varying alkyl chain lengths (C<sub>n</sub>HPPrB, where n = 8, 9, 10, 12, 14) was synthesized, forming a homologous series. To assess their colloidal properties in aqueous solution, surface tension measurements and dynamic light scattering techniques were employed. Conductometric analysis was also carried out to examine their specific electrical conductivity. Key physicochemical parameters were determined, including the critical micelle concentration, maximum surface excess, minimum surface area per molecule at the air–water interface, adsorption efficiency, surface pressure at the critical micelle concentration, counterion binding degree, and Gibbs free energy changes for micellization and adsorption. These parameters were analyzed in relation to variations in alkyl tail length and head group structure. The antimicrobial activity of the surfactants was evaluated against selected bacterial and fungal strains. In addition, their effectiveness as collection agents for fine oil slicks on water surfaces was tested. A comparative study was conducted to evaluate the performance of these compounds relative to structurally similar surfactants with analogous head groups.</p>

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Comparative study of hydroxyl-functionalized cationic surfactants: synthesis, characterization, and environmental applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月5日

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  • R. A. Rahimov,
  • I. V. Amirova,
  • Kh. A. Mammadova,
  • G. A. Ahmadova,
  • Sh. M. Nasibova,
  • K. S. Nadirov,
  • A. A. Azizov,
  • A. Z. Abilova,
  • U. J. Yolchuyeva,
  • I. A. Zarbaliyeva,
  • N. E. Maharramova

摘要

The expanding application of cationic surfactants across various fields has intensified interest in synthesizing derivatives containing novel functional groups. A series of cationic surfactants featuring 2-hydroxypropyl-pyrrolidinium head group and varying alkyl chain lengths (CnHPPrB, where n = 8, 9, 10, 12, 14) was synthesized, forming a homologous series. To assess their colloidal properties in aqueous solution, surface tension measurements and dynamic light scattering techniques were employed. Conductometric analysis was also carried out to examine their specific electrical conductivity. Key physicochemical parameters were determined, including the critical micelle concentration, maximum surface excess, minimum surface area per molecule at the air–water interface, adsorption efficiency, surface pressure at the critical micelle concentration, counterion binding degree, and Gibbs free energy changes for micellization and adsorption. These parameters were analyzed in relation to variations in alkyl tail length and head group structure. The antimicrobial activity of the surfactants was evaluated against selected bacterial and fungal strains. In addition, their effectiveness as collection agents for fine oil slicks on water surfaces was tested. A comparative study was conducted to evaluate the performance of these compounds relative to structurally similar surfactants with analogous head groups.