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<p>Coastal areas are considered to be the last recipient of oil pollution and pollutant in wastewater caused by industrial, economic and, agricultural activities. They include the most important organic compounds such as phosphorus and nitrates, heavy metals, plastics, salinity, and heat. Desalination plants are the main source of effluent discharge into the coastal environments. If not properly diluted, these discharges can lead to environmental disasters and damage along the coastal areas. The aim of these studies is to investigate pollution resulting from the discharge of effluent from thermal desalination plants on the northern coast of Qeshm, using numerical modeling tools. Additionally, some scenarios are presented to reduce this pollution. Initially, the existing conditions of the desalination plants’ discharge location are simulated by using MIKE3- Flow Model (FM) for summer and winter scenarios. Results indicate that the maximum difference in salinity and temperature created in the coastal arears was 9 psu and 6&#xa0;ºC in summer and 23.5 psu and 14&#xa0;ºC in winter. The winter scenario was considered as a critical scenario indicating that released temperature and salinity significantly elevated near the discharge site.</p><p>In order to avoid adverse effects on sensitive ecosystems near the project site, such as mangrove forests affected by the discharged effluent into the sea, the effluent discharge was relocated to deeper areas. Consequently, it dispersed rapidly due to strong tidal currents. Therefore, three scenarios proposing the relocation of discharge points to mitigate environmental impacts are introduced and assessed using numerical modeling. Based on the obtained results, all proposed scenarios have contributed to reducing the concentration of salinity and thermal pollution in the surrounding environment complying with the current conditions. Among the proposed options, the discharge at multiple points (instead of a single point) at depth by creating a salinity difference of 0.83 psu and temperature of 0.5&#xa0;ºC has shown the most effective performance.</p>

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Determination of effluent dilation zone from Laft thermal desalination and providing different scenarios for reducing pollution

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月23日

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  • M. Doleh,
  • A. Javid,
  • M. Ezam,
  • S. AllahyariBeik

摘要

Coastal areas are considered to be the last recipient of oil pollution and pollutant in wastewater caused by industrial, economic and, agricultural activities. They include the most important organic compounds such as phosphorus and nitrates, heavy metals, plastics, salinity, and heat. Desalination plants are the main source of effluent discharge into the coastal environments. If not properly diluted, these discharges can lead to environmental disasters and damage along the coastal areas. The aim of these studies is to investigate pollution resulting from the discharge of effluent from thermal desalination plants on the northern coast of Qeshm, using numerical modeling tools. Additionally, some scenarios are presented to reduce this pollution. Initially, the existing conditions of the desalination plants’ discharge location are simulated by using MIKE3- Flow Model (FM) for summer and winter scenarios. Results indicate that the maximum difference in salinity and temperature created in the coastal arears was 9 psu and 6 ºC in summer and 23.5 psu and 14 ºC in winter. The winter scenario was considered as a critical scenario indicating that released temperature and salinity significantly elevated near the discharge site.

In order to avoid adverse effects on sensitive ecosystems near the project site, such as mangrove forests affected by the discharged effluent into the sea, the effluent discharge was relocated to deeper areas. Consequently, it dispersed rapidly due to strong tidal currents. Therefore, three scenarios proposing the relocation of discharge points to mitigate environmental impacts are introduced and assessed using numerical modeling. Based on the obtained results, all proposed scenarios have contributed to reducing the concentration of salinity and thermal pollution in the surrounding environment complying with the current conditions. Among the proposed options, the discharge at multiple points (instead of a single point) at depth by creating a salinity difference of 0.83 psu and temperature of 0.5 ºC has shown the most effective performance.