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<p>Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is a widely used biomarker of neurotoxicity, as its activity can be influenced by both environmental pollutants and biological factors. This study aims to optimize the measurement conditions for AChE activity in the marine gastropod <i>Monodonta lineata</i> and to assess its potential as a bioindicator of marine pollution in the Bay of Agadir.</p><p>An in vitro assay was conducted to determine the optimal conditions for AChE activity, evaluating the effects of different buffers, temperatures, and pH levels. The in-situ study involves monthly monitoring of AChE activity at two coastal sites with contrasting levels of anthropogenic disturbance: Cap Ghir (reference site) and Anza (polluted site).</p><p>Results showed that buffer type did not significantly influence enzyme extraction. The optimal AChE activity was detected at 25&#xa0;°C and pH 7.4. Under these conditions, AChE activity varied depending on tissue, sex, and age. Seasonal monitoring revealed increased AChE activity in spring and winter, with lower levels during summer. Furthermore, a significant difference in annual mean activity was observed between Cap Ghir (123.722 ± 28.813&#xa0;nM/min/mg protein) and Anza (112.364 ± 32.248&#xa0;nM/min/mg protein), indicating enzyme inhibition at the polluted site. This study provides novel insight by rigorously optimizing assay conditions specific to <i>Monodonta lineata</i> and demonstrating its clear sensitivity to both seasonal variation and pollution stress. These findings highlight <i>Monodonta lineata</i> as a robust and reliable sentinel species for early detection of neurotoxic contaminants in marine environments, offering a valuable tool for coastal pollution biomonitoring and ecosystem health assessment.</p>

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Characterization of acetylcholinesterase activity in Monodonta lineata: assessing its potential for biomonitoring pollution in southern Morocco

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月10日

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  • K. Elmchichi,
  • A. Chahouri,
  • M. Agnaou,
  • A. Moukrim,
  • A. Banaoui

摘要

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is a widely used biomarker of neurotoxicity, as its activity can be influenced by both environmental pollutants and biological factors. This study aims to optimize the measurement conditions for AChE activity in the marine gastropod Monodonta lineata and to assess its potential as a bioindicator of marine pollution in the Bay of Agadir.

An in vitro assay was conducted to determine the optimal conditions for AChE activity, evaluating the effects of different buffers, temperatures, and pH levels. The in-situ study involves monthly monitoring of AChE activity at two coastal sites with contrasting levels of anthropogenic disturbance: Cap Ghir (reference site) and Anza (polluted site).

Results showed that buffer type did not significantly influence enzyme extraction. The optimal AChE activity was detected at 25 °C and pH 7.4. Under these conditions, AChE activity varied depending on tissue, sex, and age. Seasonal monitoring revealed increased AChE activity in spring and winter, with lower levels during summer. Furthermore, a significant difference in annual mean activity was observed between Cap Ghir (123.722 ± 28.813 nM/min/mg protein) and Anza (112.364 ± 32.248 nM/min/mg protein), indicating enzyme inhibition at the polluted site. This study provides novel insight by rigorously optimizing assay conditions specific to Monodonta lineata and demonstrating its clear sensitivity to both seasonal variation and pollution stress. These findings highlight Monodonta lineata as a robust and reliable sentinel species for early detection of neurotoxic contaminants in marine environments, offering a valuable tool for coastal pollution biomonitoring and ecosystem health assessment.