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<p>Green synthesis offers an environmentally sound and efficient route to producing copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs (G)), which demonstrate significant potential for removing antibiotics from wastewater. This research details the production of CuO nanoparticles using an extract from the <i>Polygonum sivasicum</i> plant through a green synthesis approach. The resulting nanoparticles underwent comprehensive characterization using techniques such as Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Energy-Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDX), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and N<sub>2</sub> adsorption–desorption analysis. Optimal conditions for tetracycline removal were identified as pH 5.0, a 24-h contact period, an adsorbent dosage of 1&#xa0;g/L with 328&#xa0;K temperature. Under these conditions, an initial pollutant concentration of 250&#xa0;mg/L resulted in an 89% removal efficiency. The Langmuir isotherm model estimated a maximum adsorption capacity of 217.39&#xa0;mg/g, and kinetic analysis indicated that the adsorption process aligns with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Thermodynamic analysis of tetracycline removal using CuO NPs (G) revealed its endothermic nature. The findings of this study underscore the advantages of employing a green synthesis method for producing CuO NPs (G) for tetracycline removal, particularly its economic viability and environmental compatibility. Furthermore, this work establishes the feasibility of synthesizing CuO NPs (G) from organic waste via green synthesis for the effective elimination of tetracycline.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Green synthesis of CuO adsorbent using Polygonum sivasicum for efficient adsorptive removal of Tetracycline hydrochloride

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月26日

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  • İ. Şentürk,
  • G. Topal Canbaz

摘要

Green synthesis offers an environmentally sound and efficient route to producing copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs (G)), which demonstrate significant potential for removing antibiotics from wastewater. This research details the production of CuO nanoparticles using an extract from the Polygonum sivasicum plant through a green synthesis approach. The resulting nanoparticles underwent comprehensive characterization using techniques such as Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Energy-Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDX), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and N2 adsorption–desorption analysis. Optimal conditions for tetracycline removal were identified as pH 5.0, a 24-h contact period, an adsorbent dosage of 1 g/L with 328 K temperature. Under these conditions, an initial pollutant concentration of 250 mg/L resulted in an 89% removal efficiency. The Langmuir isotherm model estimated a maximum adsorption capacity of 217.39 mg/g, and kinetic analysis indicated that the adsorption process aligns with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Thermodynamic analysis of tetracycline removal using CuO NPs (G) revealed its endothermic nature. The findings of this study underscore the advantages of employing a green synthesis method for producing CuO NPs (G) for tetracycline removal, particularly its economic viability and environmental compatibility. Furthermore, this work establishes the feasibility of synthesizing CuO NPs (G) from organic waste via green synthesis for the effective elimination of tetracycline.

Graphical abstract