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<p>Pollution caused by synthetic dyes is an urgent issue, necessitating the development of highly effective and environmentally friendly solid adsorbents and catalysts. Herien, nanomagnetite/graphitic carbon nitride composite (NgCN) was developed for the adsorption and photo-Fenton breakdown of methylene blue. The formed NgCN composite has low band gap energy (2.14&#xa0;eV), high surface area of 94.9&#xa0;m<sup>2</sup>/g, various chemical surface functional groups, and a TEM average particle size of 10&#xa0;nm. The adsorption and Fenton approach were studied under several application circumstances. The Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity was verified by NgCN (80.65&#xa0;mg/g) at pH = 6, and the adsorption was well-applied by Langmuir, Temkin, and Freundlich, as adsorption isotherm models. The kinetic experiments proved the application of nonlinear PSO and Elovich models, and 6&#xa0;h is the optimum adsorption equilibrium time. The degradation data from Fenton and photo-Fenton show that NgCN is more effective than nanomagnetite (Ng) and graphitic carbon nitride (<i>g</i>-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>). Methylene blue breakdown exhibits 100% using NgCN catalyst under UV light at 40&#xa0;°C, at 40&#xa0;min of the catalytic activity. Kinetic and thermodynamics of MB decomposition by photo-Fenton verified the PFO, nonspontaneous, and endothermic catalytic procedure. Throughout eight photo-Fenton cycles, the reusability of NgCN declined by only 4.0%. The NgCN demonstrated significant dye adsorption and decomposition efficacy at varying pollutant concentrations. The fabricated material is a promising solid adsorbent as well as a photo-Fenton catalyst for the removal of organic pollutants.</p>

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Fabrication of nanomagnetite/graphitic carbon nitride composite for adsorption and photo-Fenton decomposition of methylene blue dye

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月12日

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  • A. M. Awad,
  • G. A. El-Naggar,
  • A. F. Hassan

摘要

Pollution caused by synthetic dyes is an urgent issue, necessitating the development of highly effective and environmentally friendly solid adsorbents and catalysts. Herien, nanomagnetite/graphitic carbon nitride composite (NgCN) was developed for the adsorption and photo-Fenton breakdown of methylene blue. The formed NgCN composite has low band gap energy (2.14 eV), high surface area of 94.9 m2/g, various chemical surface functional groups, and a TEM average particle size of 10 nm. The adsorption and Fenton approach were studied under several application circumstances. The Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity was verified by NgCN (80.65 mg/g) at pH = 6, and the adsorption was well-applied by Langmuir, Temkin, and Freundlich, as adsorption isotherm models. The kinetic experiments proved the application of nonlinear PSO and Elovich models, and 6 h is the optimum adsorption equilibrium time. The degradation data from Fenton and photo-Fenton show that NgCN is more effective than nanomagnetite (Ng) and graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4). Methylene blue breakdown exhibits 100% using NgCN catalyst under UV light at 40 °C, at 40 min of the catalytic activity. Kinetic and thermodynamics of MB decomposition by photo-Fenton verified the PFO, nonspontaneous, and endothermic catalytic procedure. Throughout eight photo-Fenton cycles, the reusability of NgCN declined by only 4.0%. The NgCN demonstrated significant dye adsorption and decomposition efficacy at varying pollutant concentrations. The fabricated material is a promising solid adsorbent as well as a photo-Fenton catalyst for the removal of organic pollutants.