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<p>Human activity is placing pressure on aquatic habitats. The Odra River in Central Europe experienced a significant disaster during the summer of 2022. To determine which factors may have been critical to the development of this disaster, this study focuses not only on the water quality parameters but also on the sediments’ composition to assess the reasons for the disaster as the sediment reflects the geology of the underlying bedrock but also existing anthropopressure. It was found that Odra in 2022 was warmer than usual, the ammonium concentrations were higher, and the nitrate concentrations were lower. The River had extremely high levels of salt contamination at the same time. Although its tributary, the Gliwice Canal, contributed a significant amount of carbonate-dominated sediment, the Odra River at Wrocław carried mainly clay minerals, detrital quartz, and feldspars. Apart from these, the sediments also contained components of anthropogenic origin such as Si-Al spherules, lead sulfides, barium sulphates, titanium oxides, and halides i.e. halite and sylvin. High temperatures combined with salt stress inhibited freshwater phytoplankton species and helped to develop thermophilic and euryhaline <i>Prymnesium parvum</i>. This catastrophe has shown that to lower the likelihood of future problems, certain water quality factors must be improved. Reducing fertilizer inputs, lessening salt pollution, and enhancing the health of the minor rivers that feed the Odra’s main course are the most important proposals.</p>

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Sediments: the clue for Odra ecological disaster?

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月7日

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  • W. Bartz,
  • J. Rybak,
  • M. Wróbel,
  • P. Jadczyk,
  • M. Prell,
  • Ł. Szałata

摘要

Human activity is placing pressure on aquatic habitats. The Odra River in Central Europe experienced a significant disaster during the summer of 2022. To determine which factors may have been critical to the development of this disaster, this study focuses not only on the water quality parameters but also on the sediments’ composition to assess the reasons for the disaster as the sediment reflects the geology of the underlying bedrock but also existing anthropopressure. It was found that Odra in 2022 was warmer than usual, the ammonium concentrations were higher, and the nitrate concentrations were lower. The River had extremely high levels of salt contamination at the same time. Although its tributary, the Gliwice Canal, contributed a significant amount of carbonate-dominated sediment, the Odra River at Wrocław carried mainly clay minerals, detrital quartz, and feldspars. Apart from these, the sediments also contained components of anthropogenic origin such as Si-Al spherules, lead sulfides, barium sulphates, titanium oxides, and halides i.e. halite and sylvin. High temperatures combined with salt stress inhibited freshwater phytoplankton species and helped to develop thermophilic and euryhaline Prymnesium parvum. This catastrophe has shown that to lower the likelihood of future problems, certain water quality factors must be improved. Reducing fertilizer inputs, lessening salt pollution, and enhancing the health of the minor rivers that feed the Odra’s main course are the most important proposals.