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<p>A novel composite material composed of polyvinyl alcohol and L-2-Amino-3-mercaptopropionic Acid has been developed to efficiently remove heavy metals namely; mercury, chromium, lead and cadmium from industrial wastewater. The composite structure was confirmed via a variety of analytical techniques, ensuring its structural, chemical, and physical stability. Under optimized conditions-room temperature, a pH range of 4 to 5.5, a contact time of 15 to 20&#xa0;min, and with a metal ion concentration of 200&#xa0;mg/L. The composite exhibited impressive adsorption capacities: 49.6&#xa0;mg/g for Hg(II), 26&#xa0;mg/g for Cr(III), 47.25&#xa0;mg/g for Pb, and 45.25&#xa0;mg/g for Cd(II). The uptake behavior followed the Langmuir isotherm model, with theoretical maximum uptake values closely matching experimental results: 49.25&#xa0;mg/g for Hg(II), 26.88&#xa0;mg/g for Cr(III), 48.63&#xa0;mg/g for Pb(II), and 45.75&#xa0;mg/g for Cd(II). Kinetic studies indicated that the adsorption process adhered to a pseudo-first-order model, suggesting rapid and efficient uptake. Thermodynamic analysis indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous, exothermic, and became more favorable at lower temperatures. The composite demonstrated reusability, with metal ions being effectively desorbed using 1&#xa0;M HNO<sub>3</sub>, enabling regeneration and reuse. Additionally, the treated wastewater met the World Health Organization and Food and Agriculture Organization guidelines for safe discharge into marine environments.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Efficient removal of toxic metals (Hg(II), Cr(III), Pb(II), Cd(II)) using high-performance polyvinyl alcohol-L-2-Amino-3-mercaptopropionic acid composite from wastewater

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月24日

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  • S. A. Mahmoud,
  • B. M. Atia,
  • M. A. Gado

摘要

A novel composite material composed of polyvinyl alcohol and L-2-Amino-3-mercaptopropionic Acid has been developed to efficiently remove heavy metals namely; mercury, chromium, lead and cadmium from industrial wastewater. The composite structure was confirmed via a variety of analytical techniques, ensuring its structural, chemical, and physical stability. Under optimized conditions-room temperature, a pH range of 4 to 5.5, a contact time of 15 to 20 min, and with a metal ion concentration of 200 mg/L. The composite exhibited impressive adsorption capacities: 49.6 mg/g for Hg(II), 26 mg/g for Cr(III), 47.25 mg/g for Pb, and 45.25 mg/g for Cd(II). The uptake behavior followed the Langmuir isotherm model, with theoretical maximum uptake values closely matching experimental results: 49.25 mg/g for Hg(II), 26.88 mg/g for Cr(III), 48.63 mg/g for Pb(II), and 45.75 mg/g for Cd(II). Kinetic studies indicated that the adsorption process adhered to a pseudo-first-order model, suggesting rapid and efficient uptake. Thermodynamic analysis indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous, exothermic, and became more favorable at lower temperatures. The composite demonstrated reusability, with metal ions being effectively desorbed using 1 M HNO3, enabling regeneration and reuse. Additionally, the treated wastewater met the World Health Organization and Food and Agriculture Organization guidelines for safe discharge into marine environments.

Graphical abstract