Response surface optimization of biodegradation in vegetable oil refinery effluent using biochemical oxygen demand analysis
摘要
This study introduces a novel approach to optimizing the biodegradation of effluents from the vegetable oil industry using in situ microorganisms and response surface methodology (RSM). Unlike previous studies that relied on chemical treatments or conventional microbial methods, this research isolates and evaluates the efficiency of Bacillus sp. for targeted biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) removal. The biodegradation potentials of microorganisms isolated from vegetable industrial effluent were assessed using screening and shake flask degradation tests. The mean heterotrophic bacterial counts for dilution 105 and 107 of the effluent sample were 1.5 × 108 cfu/ml and 6.5 × 109 cfu/ml, respectively. Among the organisms screened, Bacillus sp. showed the highest degradative ability in MSM with 30% turbidity and the highest TVC of colony ranging from 2.98 × 107 cfu/ml to 2.05 cfu/ml mean value and was selected as the representative organism used for bioremediation in this study. RSM was used to optimize the effects of pH, contact time (days) and Microbial Concentration (cfu/ml) on BOD removal efficiency from vegetable oil industrial effluent by analyzing twenty experimental runs. From the experimental results obtained, Bacillus sp. could degrade organic pollutants in the effluent of the vegetable oil industry with a high removal efficiency of 94.52% for BOD. Analysis of variance was also carried out, revealing that the model developed in this study was significant, with an R2 value of 0.8702 and 0.24% error. The study concluded that the developed model is useful for optimizing BOD removal in vegetable oil industrial effluent for bioremediation.