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Background <p>Isolated cervical dystonia (iCD) is the most common form of focal dystonia and is characterized by sustained or intermittent neck muscle contractions that lead to abnormal postures and pain. These motor symptoms, together with the limited and temporary effects of current treatments, may be associated with psychological distress and reduced quality of life (QoL).</p> Objective <p>To examine the associations between psychological symptoms—specifically anxiety and depression—and QoL in individuals with iCD.</p> Methods <p>This cross-sectional study included 47 patients with iCD for ≥ 1.5 years and 40 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Participants completed the Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36) to assess QoL and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to evaluate psychiatric symptoms. Ethical approval was obtained from the local committee (No: 154, Date: 23.06.2017).</p> Results <p>Patients with iCD had significantly higher HADS-Anxiety and HADS-Depression scores compared with controls (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). SF-36 scores were lower across six of the eight domains, reflecting impaired QoL. Higher HADS scores were significantly associated with poorer SF-36 outcomes, indicating a strong relationship between psychological burden and diminished QoL.</p> Conclusion <p>Anxiety and depression are significantly more common in individuals with iCD than in healthy controls and are strongly linked to poorer QoL. These findings suggest that routine screening and integrated management of psychiatric symptoms may be beneficial in iCD.</p>

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The impact of psychological distress on quality of life in isolated cervical dystonia: a case–control study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月5日

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  • Gülsenem Aktaş,
  • Abdullah Acar,
  • Mehmet U. Aluçlu,
  • Eşref Akıl

摘要

Background

Isolated cervical dystonia (iCD) is the most common form of focal dystonia and is characterized by sustained or intermittent neck muscle contractions that lead to abnormal postures and pain. These motor symptoms, together with the limited and temporary effects of current treatments, may be associated with psychological distress and reduced quality of life (QoL).

Objective

To examine the associations between psychological symptoms—specifically anxiety and depression—and QoL in individuals with iCD.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included 47 patients with iCD for ≥ 1.5 years and 40 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Participants completed the Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36) to assess QoL and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to evaluate psychiatric symptoms. Ethical approval was obtained from the local committee (No: 154, Date: 23.06.2017).

Results

Patients with iCD had significantly higher HADS-Anxiety and HADS-Depression scores compared with controls (p < 0.001). SF-36 scores were lower across six of the eight domains, reflecting impaired QoL. Higher HADS scores were significantly associated with poorer SF-36 outcomes, indicating a strong relationship between psychological burden and diminished QoL.

Conclusion

Anxiety and depression are significantly more common in individuals with iCD than in healthy controls and are strongly linked to poorer QoL. These findings suggest that routine screening and integrated management of psychiatric symptoms may be beneficial in iCD.