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<p>Are biological objects the same kind of thing? To address the problem posed by their striking diversity, from molecules to organisms, ecosystems, and species, we conducted a comparative descriptive analysis across levels of organization. The results suggest that aggregated and distributed forms share a <i>common biological object status</i> (COBOS), defined by a small set of organizational dimensions: the mixity and distribution of their <i>n</i> – 1 elements, their stratification across levels, and their uptake–process–release coupling of energy, matter, and information through time. COBOS accounts for both within-tier structuring and tier stacking, from molecules to the biosphere, independently of morphological or phylogenetic interpretation. It may provide a basis for relating biological transformations across scales in developmental and evolutionary terms.</p>

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The Common Status of Biological Objects

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月26日

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  • Marc-Antoine Leveau

摘要

Are biological objects the same kind of thing? To address the problem posed by their striking diversity, from molecules to organisms, ecosystems, and species, we conducted a comparative descriptive analysis across levels of organization. The results suggest that aggregated and distributed forms share a common biological object status (COBOS), defined by a small set of organizational dimensions: the mixity and distribution of their n – 1 elements, their stratification across levels, and their uptake–process–release coupling of energy, matter, and information through time. COBOS accounts for both within-tier structuring and tier stacking, from molecules to the biosphere, independently of morphological or phylogenetic interpretation. It may provide a basis for relating biological transformations across scales in developmental and evolutionary terms.