An experimental dynamic NMR study of 2-(aryl)-4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazoles in solution: insights into NH proton exchange, tautomerism, and spectral differentiation of trisubstituted imidazoles
摘要
Investigation of tautomerism and proton exchange involving protons bound to nitrogen and oxygen atoms is possible through evaluation of the proton-exchange rate and the factors affecting it. In this study, the dynamic NMR behavior of 2-(aryl)-4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole derivatives in solution was examined by analyzing concentration-dependent 1H and 13C NMR spectra. The observed concentration-dependent spectral changes provide qualitative information on NH proton exchange and tautomerism in these systems. In addition, certain characteristic spectral features associated with the aryl substituent at the 2-position of the imidazole ring were identified, which can assist in the interpretation of overlapped proton and carbon signals. This dynamic NMR–based approach is presented as a qualitative and complementary tool for NMR data analysis, used alongside conventional two-dimensional NMR techniques such as TOCSY, and is not intended to replace these methods.
Graphical abstract