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<p>Commonly synthesized through A<sup>3</sup> and KA<sup>2</sup> multicomponent coupling reactions. However, many reported catalytic systems suffer from harsh reaction conditions, poor recyclability, or limited catalytic efficiency. In this work, a novel magnetically recoverable Cu–Ni bimetallic nanocatalyst supported on triazine-based covalent organic framework functionalized chitosan (Chitosan–TCT–TriCF–Ni–Cu) was successfully synthesized and applied for both A<sup>3</sup> and KA<sup>2</sup> coupling reactions. The synergistic effect of Cu and Ni nanoparticles, combined with the high density of active sites provided by the TriCF-functionalized chitosan support, results in excellent catalytic performance. The developed nanocatalyst exhibits high efficiency, good substrate tolerance, easy magnetic separation, and excellent reusability over multiple catalytic cycles with minimal loss of activity. This methodology provides a green, cost-effective, and sustainable approach for the synthesis of propargylamine derivatives and represents the first example of a Cu–Ni bimetallic system immobilized on TriCF-functionalized chitosan for dual A<sup>3</sup> and KA<sup>2</sup> coupling reactions. According to the obtained results, the highest reaction yield was observed in the presence of the 20&#xa0;mg chitosan-TCT-TriCF-Ni-Cu nanocatalyst in the 1.5 mL of toluene as a solvent at 80&#xa0;°C. Products were refined using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) plates (silica gel) using n-hexane /ethyl acetate with an 80:20 ratio. After purification, all the chemical structures were characterized by <sup>1</sup>H-NMR and <sup>13</sup>C-NMR spectroscopy.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Stabilization of copper-nickel nanoparticles on the surface of functionalized chitosan and investigation of its catalytic activity in A3 and KA2 coupling reactions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月18日

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  • Amir Fallah lalezari,
  • Mohammad Zarei,
  • Hassan Sheibani

摘要

Commonly synthesized through A3 and KA2 multicomponent coupling reactions. However, many reported catalytic systems suffer from harsh reaction conditions, poor recyclability, or limited catalytic efficiency. In this work, a novel magnetically recoverable Cu–Ni bimetallic nanocatalyst supported on triazine-based covalent organic framework functionalized chitosan (Chitosan–TCT–TriCF–Ni–Cu) was successfully synthesized and applied for both A3 and KA2 coupling reactions. The synergistic effect of Cu and Ni nanoparticles, combined with the high density of active sites provided by the TriCF-functionalized chitosan support, results in excellent catalytic performance. The developed nanocatalyst exhibits high efficiency, good substrate tolerance, easy magnetic separation, and excellent reusability over multiple catalytic cycles with minimal loss of activity. This methodology provides a green, cost-effective, and sustainable approach for the synthesis of propargylamine derivatives and represents the first example of a Cu–Ni bimetallic system immobilized on TriCF-functionalized chitosan for dual A3 and KA2 coupling reactions. According to the obtained results, the highest reaction yield was observed in the presence of the 20 mg chitosan-TCT-TriCF-Ni-Cu nanocatalyst in the 1.5 mL of toluene as a solvent at 80 °C. Products were refined using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) plates (silica gel) using n-hexane /ethyl acetate with an 80:20 ratio. After purification, all the chemical structures were characterized by 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopy.

Graphical abstract