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<p>Two molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were successfully synthesized in this study for the selective recognition and removal of trimethoprim (TMP) from aqueous solutions. MIP2 was prepared using N-allylthiourea as the functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as the cross-linker, initiated by benzoyl peroxide, whereas MIP1 was fabricated via precipitation polymerization employing acrylamide as the functional monomer and N, N-methylenebisacrylamide as the cross-linker. Trimethoprim served as the template molecule in both polymer systems. The synthesized polymers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). FTIR analysis confirmed the successful removal of the template and the formation of the polymeric matrix, while SEM images revealed porous structures and template-specific cavities, effectively distinguishing MIPs from their non-imprinted counterparts (NIPs). Adsorption isotherm experiments demonstrated maximum adsorption capacities of 1.5275 µmol/g for MIP1-Tri and 2.10 µmol/g for MIP2-Tri (based on 0.2&#xa0;mg of polymer), fitting well with the Langmuir model, which indicated monolayer adsorption on homogeneous binding sites. Application of these MIPs to real patient samples (2–3&#xa0;h post-trimethoprim administration) revealed significantly enhanced detectable drug concentrations (0.306–0.384 ppm) compared to direct measurement without MIPs. The limits of quantitation (LOQ) were determined as 0.088 ppm and 0.084 ppm for MIP1-Tri, and 0.0212 ppm for MIP2-Tri, demonstrating high sensitivity. The standard deviations ranged from 0.018 to 0.024, indicating excellent reproducibility. These findings confirm that the synthesized MIPs possess remarkable sensitivity, selectivity, and efficiency, highlighting their potential for the quantitative analysis of trimethoprim in both biological and pharmaceutical matrices.</p>

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Development of an analytical method for the determination of the Trimethoprim drug based on molecular imprinted polymers as selective receptors

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月27日

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  • Ahmed Aqeel Mohammed,
  • Saeed Mohammad Sorouraddin

摘要

Two molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were successfully synthesized in this study for the selective recognition and removal of trimethoprim (TMP) from aqueous solutions. MIP2 was prepared using N-allylthiourea as the functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as the cross-linker, initiated by benzoyl peroxide, whereas MIP1 was fabricated via precipitation polymerization employing acrylamide as the functional monomer and N, N-methylenebisacrylamide as the cross-linker. Trimethoprim served as the template molecule in both polymer systems. The synthesized polymers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). FTIR analysis confirmed the successful removal of the template and the formation of the polymeric matrix, while SEM images revealed porous structures and template-specific cavities, effectively distinguishing MIPs from their non-imprinted counterparts (NIPs). Adsorption isotherm experiments demonstrated maximum adsorption capacities of 1.5275 µmol/g for MIP1-Tri and 2.10 µmol/g for MIP2-Tri (based on 0.2 mg of polymer), fitting well with the Langmuir model, which indicated monolayer adsorption on homogeneous binding sites. Application of these MIPs to real patient samples (2–3 h post-trimethoprim administration) revealed significantly enhanced detectable drug concentrations (0.306–0.384 ppm) compared to direct measurement without MIPs. The limits of quantitation (LOQ) were determined as 0.088 ppm and 0.084 ppm for MIP1-Tri, and 0.0212 ppm for MIP2-Tri, demonstrating high sensitivity. The standard deviations ranged from 0.018 to 0.024, indicating excellent reproducibility. These findings confirm that the synthesized MIPs possess remarkable sensitivity, selectivity, and efficiency, highlighting their potential for the quantitative analysis of trimethoprim in both biological and pharmaceutical matrices.