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Abstract <p>Continuous glass fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites were prepared by vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) using a low-viscosity PMMA/MMA binary liquid resin. To improve the fiber/matrix interface, glass fibers were modified with carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (COOH-MWCNTs) or KH550-functionalized MWCNTs. KH550 functionalization improved the dispersion of MWCNTs and promoted their more uniform deposition on the glass fiber surface, leading to the formation of a more stable fiber–CNT–matrix interphase. As a result, the KH550-MWCNTs/GF/PMMA composites showed better overall performance than the neat GF/PMMA and COOH-MWCNTs/GF/PMMA composites. The 0° tensile strength reached about 1.2 GPa, the flexural strength increased to about 1.5 GPa, and the interlaminar shear strength was improved by 43.1%. Thermal stability was also enhanced, with the 5% weight-loss temperature increasing from 322.8 to 356.3&#xa0;°C. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed that KH550-MWCNT modification increased the storage modulus and reduced the damping response, indicating improved interfacial adhesion and more restricted chain mobility near the interface. In addition, the different composite samples exhibited similar fiber volume fractions and porosity levels, suggesting that the performance improvements were mainly associated with interfacial reinforcement rather than differences in molding quality. These results indicate that KH550-functionalized MWCNTs are effective for improving the interfacial and overall properties of continuous glass fiber/PMMA thermoplastic composites.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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KH550-CNT enhanced continuous glass fiber/PMMA thermoplastic composites via VARTM process

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月6日

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  • Yichen Jin,
  • Yanxia Cao,
  • Yiru Zhang,
  • Di Zhang,
  • Wanjie Wang,
  • Jianmin Zhang

摘要

Abstract

Continuous glass fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites were prepared by vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) using a low-viscosity PMMA/MMA binary liquid resin. To improve the fiber/matrix interface, glass fibers were modified with carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (COOH-MWCNTs) or KH550-functionalized MWCNTs. KH550 functionalization improved the dispersion of MWCNTs and promoted their more uniform deposition on the glass fiber surface, leading to the formation of a more stable fiber–CNT–matrix interphase. As a result, the KH550-MWCNTs/GF/PMMA composites showed better overall performance than the neat GF/PMMA and COOH-MWCNTs/GF/PMMA composites. The 0° tensile strength reached about 1.2 GPa, the flexural strength increased to about 1.5 GPa, and the interlaminar shear strength was improved by 43.1%. Thermal stability was also enhanced, with the 5% weight-loss temperature increasing from 322.8 to 356.3 °C. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed that KH550-MWCNT modification increased the storage modulus and reduced the damping response, indicating improved interfacial adhesion and more restricted chain mobility near the interface. In addition, the different composite samples exhibited similar fiber volume fractions and porosity levels, suggesting that the performance improvements were mainly associated with interfacial reinforcement rather than differences in molding quality. These results indicate that KH550-functionalized MWCNTs are effective for improving the interfacial and overall properties of continuous glass fiber/PMMA thermoplastic composites.

Graphical abstract