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<p>The potassium salt of <i>nido-</i>carborane is combined with berberine hydrochloride by ionic bond. Four kinds of acrylic resins were coated to obtain the fluorescent complexes L100-55@berberine@<i>nido</i>-carborane (L100-55-BCB), EPO@berberine@<i>nido</i>-carborane (EPO-BCB), RL@berberine@<i>nido</i>-carborane (RL-BCB), and RS@berberine@<i>nido</i>-carborane (RS-BCB), respectively. The fluorescent complexes were evenly distributed throughout the carrier material in a regular quadrilateral rectangle shape, as shown by the transmission electron microscope (TEM). The RS-BCB fluorescence complex with 29.4&#xa0;mV has a stable potential, according to the zeta-potential experiment. A classic "three-stage" model was presented by simulating the release effect of four fluorescent complexes in the human gastrointestinal microenvironment. This showed that the release was slow and controlled, and the experiment produced the desired result. A good biocompatibility was indicated by the close proximity of fluorescent complexes to tumor cells in cell imaging experiments. The solubility issue of berberine was resolved in this study by the berberine-nested carborane fluorescent complex made with acrylic resin as the coating material. It also showed how carborane aggregated around tumor cells, offering a fresh approach and concept for the subsequent investigation of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) and the creation of anti-tumor composite medications.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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A strategy of fluorescent complexes coated with acrylic resin @berberine/nido-carboranes: spectral characteristics and imaging of tumor cells in simulated gastrointestinal microenvironment

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月7日

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  • Lei Sun,
  • Zhixiang Lv,
  • Min Liu,
  • Zhou Wang

摘要

The potassium salt of nido-carborane is combined with berberine hydrochloride by ionic bond. Four kinds of acrylic resins were coated to obtain the fluorescent complexes L100-55@berberine@nido-carborane (L100-55-BCB), EPO@berberine@nido-carborane (EPO-BCB), RL@berberine@nido-carborane (RL-BCB), and RS@berberine@nido-carborane (RS-BCB), respectively. The fluorescent complexes were evenly distributed throughout the carrier material in a regular quadrilateral rectangle shape, as shown by the transmission electron microscope (TEM). The RS-BCB fluorescence complex with 29.4 mV has a stable potential, according to the zeta-potential experiment. A classic "three-stage" model was presented by simulating the release effect of four fluorescent complexes in the human gastrointestinal microenvironment. This showed that the release was slow and controlled, and the experiment produced the desired result. A good biocompatibility was indicated by the close proximity of fluorescent complexes to tumor cells in cell imaging experiments. The solubility issue of berberine was resolved in this study by the berberine-nested carborane fluorescent complex made with acrylic resin as the coating material. It also showed how carborane aggregated around tumor cells, offering a fresh approach and concept for the subsequent investigation of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) and the creation of anti-tumor composite medications.

Graphical abstract