<p>Ti/Gf/Cf is a new type of hybrid fiber metal laminates (HFMLs) that fully combine the advantages of titanium alloy, GFRP and CFRP. HFMLs have attracted attention in engineering applications due to their high stiffness, strength, and shear resistance. The curing quality of HFMLs is greatly impacted by curing regime. Moreover, the hybridization effect of fibers may complicate the evolution of HFMLs curing parameters. Based on the multi-physics field coupling finite element method the study is carried out on the effects of different curing regimes on formation and evolution of temperature field, curing degree field, and curing stress during HFMLs curing process. The thermal transmission equation, the curing kinetic equation, and the viscoelastic mechanical model are coupled to establish a curing simulation model. This study aims to accurately predict the evolution mechanism of HFMLs curing parameters under different curing regimes. Results showed that rapid heating and cooling may cause non-uniform curing, thereby accumulating more residual stress. The cooling rate has a great influence on the final curing stress of HFMLs, which indicates that rapid cooling makes HFMLs more prone to damage. Excessive curing temperatures may cause internal stress due to differences in thermal expansion coefficient and thermal conductivity. The short insulation times exacerbate the non-uniform distribution of temperature and curing degree fields, which leads to an increase in stress. Therefore, by reducing heating and cooling rates appropriately, lowering curing temperatures and increasing insulation time can suppress significant residual stress generation.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Effects of different curing regimes of “hybrid fiber metal laminates (HFMLs)” curing process by finite element method

  • Haiying Li,
  • Shujian Li,
  • Yizhe Chen,
  • Tengfei Chang,
  • Weiyin Liang,
  • Jinglong Sun

摘要

Ti/Gf/Cf is a new type of hybrid fiber metal laminates (HFMLs) that fully combine the advantages of titanium alloy, GFRP and CFRP. HFMLs have attracted attention in engineering applications due to their high stiffness, strength, and shear resistance. The curing quality of HFMLs is greatly impacted by curing regime. Moreover, the hybridization effect of fibers may complicate the evolution of HFMLs curing parameters. Based on the multi-physics field coupling finite element method the study is carried out on the effects of different curing regimes on formation and evolution of temperature field, curing degree field, and curing stress during HFMLs curing process. The thermal transmission equation, the curing kinetic equation, and the viscoelastic mechanical model are coupled to establish a curing simulation model. This study aims to accurately predict the evolution mechanism of HFMLs curing parameters under different curing regimes. Results showed that rapid heating and cooling may cause non-uniform curing, thereby accumulating more residual stress. The cooling rate has a great influence on the final curing stress of HFMLs, which indicates that rapid cooling makes HFMLs more prone to damage. Excessive curing temperatures may cause internal stress due to differences in thermal expansion coefficient and thermal conductivity. The short insulation times exacerbate the non-uniform distribution of temperature and curing degree fields, which leads to an increase in stress. Therefore, by reducing heating and cooling rates appropriately, lowering curing temperatures and increasing insulation time can suppress significant residual stress generation.

Graphical Abstract