Purpose of Review <p>Obesity remains a significant public health issue worldwide. This review aims to evaluate the potential of paraprobiotics (non-viable microbial cells) and postbiotics (metabolites and/or structural components derived from non-viable microorganisms) as novel therapeutic strategies for obesity treatment by modulating the gut microbiota. These agents offer a safer profile compared to live probiotics and can be used even in immunocompromised individuals.</p> Recent Findings <p>Paraprobiotics and postbiotics have been shown to exert beneficial effects on obesity by balancing the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, enhancing short-chain fatty acid production, strengthening intestinal barrier integrity, and reducing chronic inflammation. Evidence from preclinical models and a limited number of human studies indicates that inactivated forms, particularly those derived from <i>Lactobacillus</i> and <i>Akkermansia</i> species, lead to improvements in metabolic parameters, fat mass, and body weight.</p> Summary <p>Paraprobiotics and postbiotics emerge as promising complementary approaches in the management of obesity. However, translating this potential into clinical practice requires further large-scale randomized controlled human trials to confirm efficacy, establish optimal dosages, and ensure formulation stability.</p>