Microstructural Transformation and Nano-Mechanical Enhancement of YSZ Coatings Induced by Annealing
摘要
Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) coatings are extensively employed in high-temperature environments owing to their superior thermal stability, corrosion resistance, and mechanical durability. This study provides a comparative evaluation of YSZ coatings deposited at substrate temperatures of 100 °C, 150 °C, and 200 °C, with emphasis on their microstructural evolution and mechanical performance before and after annealing. The coatings were annealed at 500 °C for 5 h and subsequently examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). SEM observations confirmed noticeable grain coarsening and an increase in porosity following annealing, whereas XRD analysis indicated improved crystallinity accompanied by minor phase modifications. Nano-indentation tests conducted at a peak load of 1000 µN, following the Oliver–Pharr method, demonstrated a consistent enhancement in hardness and elastic modulus after annealing. Among the three coating conditions, the sample deposited at 200 °C exhibited the highest performance, showing hardness values of 8.2 GPa before annealing and 11.2 GPa after annealing, along with corresponding elastic modulus values of 178 GPa and 198 GPa. Overall, the findings underline the strong influence of substrate temperature and post-deposition heat treatment on the microstructural refinement and mechanical behavior of YSZ coatings.