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<p>In this study, the effects of heat input and thermal cycling upon wire-arc additive manufacturing of walls from the ER70S-6 steel was investigated, applying both conventional gas metal arc welding (GMAW) and low heat input coldArc modes. In these cases, the dwell time between layers was 30 s, while the heat input values were 0.374&#xa0;kJ/mm for the GMAW mode and 0.251&#xa0;kJ/mm for the coldArc one. The microstructural analysis of the wall cross sections revealed three distinct zones: columnar grains of acicular ferrite (zone&#xa0;1), ferrite with granular pearlite (zone&#xa0;2), and Widmanstätten ferrite with pearlite (zone&#xa0;3). The coldArc mode contributed to both grain refinement in zone&#xa0;2 and minimization of heat accumulation, which resulted in more homogeneous microstructures and improved mechanical properties. The ultimate tensile strengths of the specimens cut from the bottom of the walls were higher by 6–11% than those of the top parts.</p>

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Effects of Heat Input and Thermal Cycling on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steel Walls Built By Wire-Arc Additive Manufacturing

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月7日

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  • Ilya Vlasov,
  • Antonina Gordienko,
  • Anastasiya Kuznetsova,
  • Vyacheslav Semenchuk

摘要

In this study, the effects of heat input and thermal cycling upon wire-arc additive manufacturing of walls from the ER70S-6 steel was investigated, applying both conventional gas metal arc welding (GMAW) and low heat input coldArc modes. In these cases, the dwell time between layers was 30 s, while the heat input values were 0.374 kJ/mm for the GMAW mode and 0.251 kJ/mm for the coldArc one. The microstructural analysis of the wall cross sections revealed three distinct zones: columnar grains of acicular ferrite (zone 1), ferrite with granular pearlite (zone 2), and Widmanstätten ferrite with pearlite (zone 3). The coldArc mode contributed to both grain refinement in zone 2 and minimization of heat accumulation, which resulted in more homogeneous microstructures and improved mechanical properties. The ultimate tensile strengths of the specimens cut from the bottom of the walls were higher by 6–11% than those of the top parts.