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<p>Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a refractory chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by abdominal pain, diarrhoea, and bloody stools, significantly impairing patients' quality of life. Current therapeutic options are limited in efficacy and safety, while herbal formulations offer potential through multi-component synergy. Based on the Traditional Chinese Medicine theory of ‘clearing heat and nourishing yin’, Ganlu Yin (GLY) was formulated using heat-clearing herbs (e.g., <i>Artemisia capillaris Thunb.</i>, <i>Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi.</i>) and yin-nourishing herbs (e.g., <i>Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl.</i>, <i>Dendrobium nobile Lindl.</i>) to evaluate its anti-UC efficacy and elucidate the underlying compatibility mechanisms. A UC model was established in ICR mice using 4% dextran sulphate sodium. Sixty mice were randomly assigned to six groups: blank control (Blank), model control (Model), positive control (5-ASA), complete GLY (GLY), heat-clearing herbs (GLY1), and yin-nourishing herbs (GLY2) groups. Disease activity index (DAI), colon length, inflammatory cytokines, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were measured. Additionaly, histopathological analysis was performed. Compared to the Model group, the complete GLY significantly reduced DAI scores (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01), mitigated colon shortening (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), alleviated mucosal ulceration and inflammatory infiltration (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), up-regulated IL-10 (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01), and down-regulated IL-6, IFN-γ (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01), and ROS (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01). The complete formula showed superior efficacy compared to either GLY1 or GLY2 alone (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). GLY exerts multi-target, multi-pathway anti-UC effects by modulating the inflammation-immune-oxidative stress network. The therapeutic effectiveness of GLY is likely attributable to a synergistic compatibility mechanism, wherein yin-nourishing herbs contribute to redox balance and mucosal repair, and heat-clearing herbs counteract excessive inflammatory reactions.</p>

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Synergistic effects of heat-clearing and yin-nourishing herbs in compound Ganlu Yin on attenuating ulcerative colitis in mice

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月3日

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  • Weinuo Gao,
  • Fangzhou Yang,
  • Ziting Zhou,
  • Meihua Han,
  • Peng Zhang

摘要

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a refractory chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by abdominal pain, diarrhoea, and bloody stools, significantly impairing patients' quality of life. Current therapeutic options are limited in efficacy and safety, while herbal formulations offer potential through multi-component synergy. Based on the Traditional Chinese Medicine theory of ‘clearing heat and nourishing yin’, Ganlu Yin (GLY) was formulated using heat-clearing herbs (e.g., Artemisia capillaris Thunb., Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi.) and yin-nourishing herbs (e.g., Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl., Dendrobium nobile Lindl.) to evaluate its anti-UC efficacy and elucidate the underlying compatibility mechanisms. A UC model was established in ICR mice using 4% dextran sulphate sodium. Sixty mice were randomly assigned to six groups: blank control (Blank), model control (Model), positive control (5-ASA), complete GLY (GLY), heat-clearing herbs (GLY1), and yin-nourishing herbs (GLY2) groups. Disease activity index (DAI), colon length, inflammatory cytokines, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were measured. Additionaly, histopathological analysis was performed. Compared to the Model group, the complete GLY significantly reduced DAI scores (P < 0.01), mitigated colon shortening (P < 0.05), alleviated mucosal ulceration and inflammatory infiltration (P < 0.05), up-regulated IL-10 (P < 0.01), and down-regulated IL-6, IFN-γ (P < 0.01), and ROS (P < 0.01). The complete formula showed superior efficacy compared to either GLY1 or GLY2 alone (P < 0.05). GLY exerts multi-target, multi-pathway anti-UC effects by modulating the inflammation-immune-oxidative stress network. The therapeutic effectiveness of GLY is likely attributable to a synergistic compatibility mechanism, wherein yin-nourishing herbs contribute to redox balance and mucosal repair, and heat-clearing herbs counteract excessive inflammatory reactions.