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<p>Straw return improves soil and nutrient cycling but may aggravate diseases if mismanaged. However, the comprehensive impact of different straw return methods on plant diseases remains unclear. This study aims to clarify the effects of straw return on plant diseases and explore appropriate straw return methods. This study evaluated the effect of straw return on the reduction of plant diseases by summarizing 1352 pairs of observations from 165 peer-reviewed publications. It further analyzed the effects of straw return conditions, disease types, and plant species on plant diseases. Overall, the study’s findings showed that, with significant variation among return treatments, straw return reduced plant disease severity by 40.55% and increased plant biomass by 29.05%. Direct straw return of different crops, along with the application of biochar and compost, reduce plant disease severity by 21.89%, 43.67%, and 53.09%, while increasing plant growth by 14.91%, 21.05%, and 66.20%, respectively. The fact that the direct straw return of same crops significantly reduced plant growth by 5.73% and increased plant disease severity by 34.31% is concerning. Research indicates that the most significant suppression of economic crop diseases occurs when the direct straw return of different crops application rate was 0–25%, the return depth was 0–20 cm, and the application duration was within 1 year. Straw biochar produced at temperatures below 350 °C exhibits the strongest suppression of cereal crop diseases when applied at a rate of 1–3%. Moreover, when the application rate of straw compost exceeds 20%, it can effectively suppress diseases in trees and cash crops. Applying straw after pretreatment can reduce crop diseases. This study provides a basis for integrated application of direct straw return with biochar and compost, facilitating sustainable agriculture and global utilization of organic agricultural waste.</p>

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Optimizing straw return management to suppress plant disease and promote plant growth. A meta-analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月3日

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  • Dezhi Chen,
  • Yanzhong Yao,
  • Daiwei Liu,
  • Wenbao Wang,
  • Binnian Tian,
  • Anfei Fang,
  • Yang Yu,
  • Chaowei Bi,
  • Ran Xiao,
  • Zhaolei Li,
  • Yuheng Yang

摘要

Straw return improves soil and nutrient cycling but may aggravate diseases if mismanaged. However, the comprehensive impact of different straw return methods on plant diseases remains unclear. This study aims to clarify the effects of straw return on plant diseases and explore appropriate straw return methods. This study evaluated the effect of straw return on the reduction of plant diseases by summarizing 1352 pairs of observations from 165 peer-reviewed publications. It further analyzed the effects of straw return conditions, disease types, and plant species on plant diseases. Overall, the study’s findings showed that, with significant variation among return treatments, straw return reduced plant disease severity by 40.55% and increased plant biomass by 29.05%. Direct straw return of different crops, along with the application of biochar and compost, reduce plant disease severity by 21.89%, 43.67%, and 53.09%, while increasing plant growth by 14.91%, 21.05%, and 66.20%, respectively. The fact that the direct straw return of same crops significantly reduced plant growth by 5.73% and increased plant disease severity by 34.31% is concerning. Research indicates that the most significant suppression of economic crop diseases occurs when the direct straw return of different crops application rate was 0–25%, the return depth was 0–20 cm, and the application duration was within 1 year. Straw biochar produced at temperatures below 350 °C exhibits the strongest suppression of cereal crop diseases when applied at a rate of 1–3%. Moreover, when the application rate of straw compost exceeds 20%, it can effectively suppress diseases in trees and cash crops. Applying straw after pretreatment can reduce crop diseases. This study provides a basis for integrated application of direct straw return with biochar and compost, facilitating sustainable agriculture and global utilization of organic agricultural waste.