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<p><i>Varroa destructor</i> is a major contributor to colony mortality, and oxalic acid (OA) is one of the most commonly used organic acaricides for its control. Despite its efficacy, OA can exert sublethal toxicity in honey bees. Quercetin, a dietary flavonoid abundant in natural food sources, may enhance antioxidant and detoxification responses. This study evaluated whether quercetin supplementation improves survival and physiological responses in honey bees orally exposed to OA (0.15% w/w) under different nutritional conditions. Bioassays were conducted to assess survival rate, the enzymatic activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT), and lipid peroxidation levels. Quercetin administered together with a commercial plant-protein multivitamin supplement improved survival in honey bees orally exposed to OA and significantly increased GST and CAT activity, without altering lipid peroxidation. These findings suggest that the combined supplementation of quercetin and a multivitamin complex can mitigate OA-induced stress and may support nutritional strategies to promote honey bee health during the varroosis control.</p>

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Combined quercetin and plant-protein multivitamin supplementation improves honey bee (Apis mellifera) tolerance to oxalic acid exposure

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月22日

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  • Mateo Fernandez de Landa,
  • Giulia Angelica Mitton,
  • Paloma Moran Giardini,
  • Enzo Dominguez,
  • Matias Daniel Maggi,
  • Natalia Damiani

摘要

Varroa destructor is a major contributor to colony mortality, and oxalic acid (OA) is one of the most commonly used organic acaricides for its control. Despite its efficacy, OA can exert sublethal toxicity in honey bees. Quercetin, a dietary flavonoid abundant in natural food sources, may enhance antioxidant and detoxification responses. This study evaluated whether quercetin supplementation improves survival and physiological responses in honey bees orally exposed to OA (0.15% w/w) under different nutritional conditions. Bioassays were conducted to assess survival rate, the enzymatic activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT), and lipid peroxidation levels. Quercetin administered together with a commercial plant-protein multivitamin supplement improved survival in honey bees orally exposed to OA and significantly increased GST and CAT activity, without altering lipid peroxidation. These findings suggest that the combined supplementation of quercetin and a multivitamin complex can mitigate OA-induced stress and may support nutritional strategies to promote honey bee health during the varroosis control.