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<p>Plant pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins are large protein group that play important roles in plant metabolism in response to biotic and abiotic stress. This study aimed to identify five <i>VcPR1</i> genes based on transcriptome analysis of <i>V. coignetiae</i> and <i>V. flexuosa</i> inoculated with the rust pathogen <i>Phakopsora euvitis</i>, assembled and annotated against the <i>V. coignetiae</i> reference genome sequence. Using sequencing analyses, five <i>VcPR1</i> genes, i.e., <i>VcPR1_25348-1</i>, <i>VcPR1_15378-1</i>, <i>VcPR1_15378-4</i>, <i>VcPR1_15378-5</i>, and <i>VcPR1_15378-6</i>, which encoded 161, 161, 160, 176, and 161 amino acids, respectively, were identified in <i>V. coignetiae</i>. Each protein contained a CAP superfamily domain, a SCP/Tpx-1/Ag5/PR-1/Sc7 family extracellular domain, a conserved three-dimensional structure (e.g., a PR-1 fold), a highly conserved six-cysteine motif, and a CAP-derived peptide. Our analysis identified binding pockets that are critical for protein interactions in all five VcPR1 proteins and revealed variation in their predicted 3D structures. Most PR-1 genes, but not <i>VcPR1_25348-1</i>, were highly upregulated (after 3, 6, or 24&#xa0;h) in grapevine leaves following exposure to <i>P. euvitis</i> and salicylic acid (SA). This suggests that <i>VcPR1_25348-1</i> may play a limited or specialized role in SA-mediated defense pathways or in response to rust pathogens. This is the first study reporting specific expression profiles of <i>VcPR1</i> genes and their relationship to the active responses of wild Korean grapevine genotypes infected with grapevine leaf rust. Our data will also serve as a meaningful reference dataset for further functional analysis of PR-1 genes and of the defense responses of rust-resistant grapevines.</p>

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Characterization of pathogenesis-related protein 1 genes expressed in Korean wild grapevine genotypes inoculated with Phakopsora euvitis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月24日

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  • Zar Le Myint,
  • Ji Min Yun,
  • Jae Hyun Lee,
  • Ramalingam Srinivasan,
  • Soon Young Ahn,
  • Hae Keun Yun

摘要

Plant pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins are large protein group that play important roles in plant metabolism in response to biotic and abiotic stress. This study aimed to identify five VcPR1 genes based on transcriptome analysis of V. coignetiae and V. flexuosa inoculated with the rust pathogen Phakopsora euvitis, assembled and annotated against the V. coignetiae reference genome sequence. Using sequencing analyses, five VcPR1 genes, i.e., VcPR1_25348-1, VcPR1_15378-1, VcPR1_15378-4, VcPR1_15378-5, and VcPR1_15378-6, which encoded 161, 161, 160, 176, and 161 amino acids, respectively, were identified in V. coignetiae. Each protein contained a CAP superfamily domain, a SCP/Tpx-1/Ag5/PR-1/Sc7 family extracellular domain, a conserved three-dimensional structure (e.g., a PR-1 fold), a highly conserved six-cysteine motif, and a CAP-derived peptide. Our analysis identified binding pockets that are critical for protein interactions in all five VcPR1 proteins and revealed variation in their predicted 3D structures. Most PR-1 genes, but not VcPR1_25348-1, were highly upregulated (after 3, 6, or 24 h) in grapevine leaves following exposure to P. euvitis and salicylic acid (SA). This suggests that VcPR1_25348-1 may play a limited or specialized role in SA-mediated defense pathways or in response to rust pathogens. This is the first study reporting specific expression profiles of VcPR1 genes and their relationship to the active responses of wild Korean grapevine genotypes infected with grapevine leaf rust. Our data will also serve as a meaningful reference dataset for further functional analysis of PR-1 genes and of the defense responses of rust-resistant grapevines.