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<p>Low astringency in table grapes, a trait favored by consumers, is influenced by condensed tannins in the skins and seeds, regulated by complex enzymatic activities and gene expression during berry development. To facilitate the selection of less astringent table grape genotypes, this study investigated total polymeric tannin content (PTC) and transcriptomic changes in the berry skins of two cultivars, ‘Tano Red’ (non-astringent) and ‘Ruby Seedless’ (astringent), across four developmental stages. The methylcellulose precipitation assay showed consistently higher total PTC in ‘Ruby Seedless’, peaking at two weeks after full bloom (2 WAFB) and declining thereafter, a trend replicated in hybrid progeny and other cultivars. Transcriptome analysis revealed that tannin biosynthesis-related genes were most highly expressed at 2 WAFB in ‘Ruby Seedless’ compared to ‘Tano Red’, with these genes exhibiting strong co-expression network correlations. qPCR analysis further confirmed early and elevated expression of genes involved in flavan-3-ol monomer synthesis (ANR and LAR) and its galloylation (SCPL-AT) at 2 WAFB in astringent table grape cultivars. These findings demonstrate that tannin accumulation and the expression of tannin pathway genes in the berry skin peak during the early stages of berry development in astringent table grapes. The observed correlation between total PTC and the expression levels of ANR, LAR, and SCPL-AT suggests that combining total PTC measurements with the expression levels of these marker genes in the berry skin could serve as an effective tool for breeding less astringent grape cultivars.</p>

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Early peak of tannin content and gene expression related to tannin biosynthesis in table grape skin during berry development

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月27日

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  • Yurim Kang,
  • Sun Mi Huh,
  • Jeong-Hwan Mun,
  • Ye-Eun Kwon,
  • Dongjun Im,
  • Jiin Kim,
  • Byung-Jae Choi,
  • Bomi Yim,
  • Youn Young Hur,
  • Hee-Ju Yu

摘要

Low astringency in table grapes, a trait favored by consumers, is influenced by condensed tannins in the skins and seeds, regulated by complex enzymatic activities and gene expression during berry development. To facilitate the selection of less astringent table grape genotypes, this study investigated total polymeric tannin content (PTC) and transcriptomic changes in the berry skins of two cultivars, ‘Tano Red’ (non-astringent) and ‘Ruby Seedless’ (astringent), across four developmental stages. The methylcellulose precipitation assay showed consistently higher total PTC in ‘Ruby Seedless’, peaking at two weeks after full bloom (2 WAFB) and declining thereafter, a trend replicated in hybrid progeny and other cultivars. Transcriptome analysis revealed that tannin biosynthesis-related genes were most highly expressed at 2 WAFB in ‘Ruby Seedless’ compared to ‘Tano Red’, with these genes exhibiting strong co-expression network correlations. qPCR analysis further confirmed early and elevated expression of genes involved in flavan-3-ol monomer synthesis (ANR and LAR) and its galloylation (SCPL-AT) at 2 WAFB in astringent table grape cultivars. These findings demonstrate that tannin accumulation and the expression of tannin pathway genes in the berry skin peak during the early stages of berry development in astringent table grapes. The observed correlation between total PTC and the expression levels of ANR, LAR, and SCPL-AT suggests that combining total PTC measurements with the expression levels of these marker genes in the berry skin could serve as an effective tool for breeding less astringent grape cultivars.