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Introduction <p>Ritlecitinib, an oral, selective dual inhibitor of Janus kinase (JAK) 3 and tyrosine kinase expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (TEC) family kinases, is approved for treating severe alopecia areata (AA) in patients aged ≥ 12&#xa0;years in the USA. This study describes characteristics, treatment satisfaction, and success among adults initiating ritlecitinib.</p> Methods <p>A sample of US dermatologists treating adults who received ritlecitinib for severe AA were surveyed between November 2023 and June 2024. Demographics, clinical characteristics, treatment history, satisfaction, and health-related quality of life were analyzed overall, among recent initiators, and stratified by treatment duration.</p> Results <p>A total of 123 adults were included (mean age 37.1&#xa0;years; 57% male; 79% white; 88% commercial insurance). Mean disease duration was 2.1&#xa0;years. At ritlecitinib initiation (<i>n</i> = 93), mean scalp hair loss was 71% and 73% had worsening AA. The proportion of patients with hair regrowth increased with longer treatment duration, 49% among those with &lt; 3&#xa0;months of treatment (<i>n</i> = 18/37) to 82% with &gt; 6&#xa0;months (<i>n</i> = 28/34). Physicians reported many recent initiators (<i>n</i> = 26) felt moderate/severe embarrassment (84%), frustration (73%), and anxiety (65%) due to their AA. Among patients with available data (<i>n</i> = 102), ritlecitinib was the first AA treatment for 46%. Treatment goals (<i>n</i> = 123) included reducing hair loss (94%), improving quality-of-life (41%), and achieving long-term control (32%). Reasons for selecting ritlecitinib (<i>n</i> = 113) included its ability to reduce scalp hair loss (38%), cost–benefit ratio (28%), and safety profile (25%). Satisfaction with AA control was 54%, 68%, and 85% after &lt; 3 (<i>n</i> = 20/37), 3–6 (<i>n</i> = 27/40), and &gt; 6&#xa0;months (<i>n</i> = 29/34), respectively, of ritlecitinib treatment.</p> Conclusions <p>Many patients experienced psychological burden due to their AA around the start of treatment. Ritlecitinib was chosen for its efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness. Hair regrowth, disease stability, and treatment satisfaction increased with longer ritlecitinib treatment duration suggesting sustained treatment is important for achieving treatment goals.</p>

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Real-World Ritlecitinib Treatment of Severe Alopecia Areata in the United States: Patient Characteristics and Physician Satisfaction According to a Secondary Database Analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月30日

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  • Samantha K. Kurosky,
  • Ashley S. Cha-Silva,
  • Jenny Austin,
  • Arash Mostaghimi,
  • Chesahna Kindred,
  • Genevieve Gauthier,
  • Mojgan Sadrarhami,
  • Peter Anderson,
  • Benjamin Ungar

摘要

Introduction

Ritlecitinib, an oral, selective dual inhibitor of Janus kinase (JAK) 3 and tyrosine kinase expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (TEC) family kinases, is approved for treating severe alopecia areata (AA) in patients aged ≥ 12 years in the USA. This study describes characteristics, treatment satisfaction, and success among adults initiating ritlecitinib.

Methods

A sample of US dermatologists treating adults who received ritlecitinib for severe AA were surveyed between November 2023 and June 2024. Demographics, clinical characteristics, treatment history, satisfaction, and health-related quality of life were analyzed overall, among recent initiators, and stratified by treatment duration.

Results

A total of 123 adults were included (mean age 37.1 years; 57% male; 79% white; 88% commercial insurance). Mean disease duration was 2.1 years. At ritlecitinib initiation (n = 93), mean scalp hair loss was 71% and 73% had worsening AA. The proportion of patients with hair regrowth increased with longer treatment duration, 49% among those with < 3 months of treatment (n = 18/37) to 82% with > 6 months (n = 28/34). Physicians reported many recent initiators (n = 26) felt moderate/severe embarrassment (84%), frustration (73%), and anxiety (65%) due to their AA. Among patients with available data (n = 102), ritlecitinib was the first AA treatment for 46%. Treatment goals (n = 123) included reducing hair loss (94%), improving quality-of-life (41%), and achieving long-term control (32%). Reasons for selecting ritlecitinib (n = 113) included its ability to reduce scalp hair loss (38%), cost–benefit ratio (28%), and safety profile (25%). Satisfaction with AA control was 54%, 68%, and 85% after < 3 (n = 20/37), 3–6 (n = 27/40), and > 6 months (n = 29/34), respectively, of ritlecitinib treatment.

Conclusions

Many patients experienced psychological burden due to their AA around the start of treatment. Ritlecitinib was chosen for its efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness. Hair regrowth, disease stability, and treatment satisfaction increased with longer ritlecitinib treatment duration suggesting sustained treatment is important for achieving treatment goals.