<p>This paper aims to establish the existence of a weak solution for the following problem: <Equation ID="Equ31"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13540_2025_411_Article_Equ31.gif" Format="GIF" Height="43" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="537" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} (-\Delta )^{s}_{\mathcal {H}}u(x) +V(x)h(x,x,|u|)u(x)=\left( \int _{{\mathbb R}^{N}}\dfrac{K(y)F(u(y))}{|x-y|^\lambda }\,\textrm{d}y\right) K(x)f(u(x)), \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <msubsup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">H</mi> <mi>s</mi> </msubsup> <mi>u</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>V</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>u</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <msub> <mo>∫</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> </msub> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>K</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>y</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>y</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>y</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mi>λ</mi> </msup> </mfrac> </mstyle> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mtext>d</mtext> <mi>y</mi> </mfenced> <mi>K</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>in <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13540_2025_411_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="23" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathbb R}^{N}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> where <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13540_2025_411_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="48" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(N\ge 1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13540_2025_411_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="26" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="367" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(s\in (0,1), \lambda \in (0,N), \mathcal {H}(x,y,t)=\int _{0}^{|t|} h(x,y,r)r\ dr,\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> <mi>λ</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> <mi mathvariant="script">H</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>y</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msubsup> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>y</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>r</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mi>d</mi> <mi>r</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13540_2025_411_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="223" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( h:{\mathbb R}^{N}\times {\mathbb R}^{N}\times [0,\infty )\rightarrow [0,\infty )\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mo>:</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> <mo>×</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> <mo>×</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>∞</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>∞</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a generalized <i>N</i>-function and <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13540_2025_411_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="53" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\((-\Delta )^{s}_{\mathcal {H}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msubsup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">H</mi> <mi>s</mi> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a generalized fractional Laplace operator. The functions <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13540_2025_411_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="143" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(V,K:{\mathbb R}^{N}\rightarrow (0,\infty )\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>V</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>K</mi> <mo>:</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>∞</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, non-linear function <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13540_2025_411_Article_IEq9.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="74" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f:{\mathbb R}\rightarrow {\mathbb R}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mo>:</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are continuous and <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13540_2025_411_Article_IEq10.gif" Format="GIF" Height="24" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="126" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( F(t)=\int _{0}^{t}f(r)dr.\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>F</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msubsup> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mi>t</mi> </msubsup> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>r</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>r</mi> <mo>.</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> First, we introduce the homogeneous fractional Musielak–Sobolev space and investigate their properties. After that, we pose the given problem in that space. To establish our existence results, we use variational technique based on the mountain pass theorem. We also prove the existence of a ground state solution by the method of Nehari manifold.</p>

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Ground state solution for a generalized Choquard Schr\(\ddot{\text {o}}\)dinger equation with vanishing potential in homogeneous fractional Musielak Sobolev spaces

  • Shilpa Gupta,
  • Gaurav Dwivedi

摘要

This paper aims to establish the existence of a weak solution for the following problem: \(\begin{aligned} (-\Delta )^{s}_{\mathcal {H}}u(x) +V(x)h(x,x,|u|)u(x)=\left( \int _{{\mathbb R}^{N}}\dfrac{K(y)F(u(y))}{|x-y|^\lambda }\,\textrm{d}y\right) K(x)f(u(x)), \end{aligned}\) ( - Δ ) H s u ( x ) + V ( x ) h ( x , x , | u | ) u ( x ) = R N K ( y ) F ( u ( y ) ) | x - y | λ d y K ( x ) f ( u ( x ) ) , in \({\mathbb R}^{N}\) R N where \(N\ge 1\) N 1 , \(s\in (0,1), \lambda \in (0,N), \mathcal {H}(x,y,t)=\int _{0}^{|t|} h(x,y,r)r\ dr,\) s ( 0 , 1 ) , λ ( 0 , N ) , H ( x , y , t ) = 0 | t | h ( x , y , r ) r d r , \( h:{\mathbb R}^{N}\times {\mathbb R}^{N}\times [0,\infty )\rightarrow [0,\infty )\) h : R N × R N × [ 0 , ) [ 0 , ) is a generalized N-function and \((-\Delta )^{s}_{\mathcal {H}}\) ( - Δ ) H s is a generalized fractional Laplace operator. The functions \(V,K:{\mathbb R}^{N}\rightarrow (0,\infty )\) V , K : R N ( 0 , ) , non-linear function \(f:{\mathbb R}\rightarrow {\mathbb R}\) f : R R are continuous and \( F(t)=\int _{0}^{t}f(r)dr.\) F ( t ) = 0 t f ( r ) d r . First, we introduce the homogeneous fractional Musielak–Sobolev space and investigate their properties. After that, we pose the given problem in that space. To establish our existence results, we use variational technique based on the mountain pass theorem. We also prove the existence of a ground state solution by the method of Nehari manifold.