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<p>This study explores the development and characterization of novel polyvinyl chloride (PVC)/lead telluride (PbTe) nanocomposite films for advanced optoelectronic applications. PbTe nanopowder, synthesized via a hydrothermal method and exhibiting a cubic crystal structure with an average size of ~ 18&#xa0;nm, were incorporated into a PVC matrix at concentrations of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 wt% using solution casting. TEM analysis revealed that the PbTe nanopowder consists of one-dimensional nanorods with lengths of 30–70&#xa0;nm and diameters of 10–20&#xa0;nm. Structural and morphological analyses confirmed the successful dispersion of PbTe without agglomeration. Optical characterization revealed that the direct band gap decreased from 5.75&#xa0;eV (pure PVC) to 5.70–5.72&#xa0;eV, while the indirect band gap showed a slight reduction from 5.52&#xa0;eV to 5.48–5.50&#xa0;eV. The static refractive index (n<sub>o</sub>) increased substantially from 1.43 (pure PVC) to 1.82 (0.3 wt% PbTe), indicating enhanced polarizability. The nanocomposites also exhibited a rise in reflectance and a decline in transmittance due to PbTe-induced scattering and absorption. The Wemple-DiDomenico model quantified a dramatic increase in dispersion energy (E<sub>d</sub>) and oscillator strength (f), leading to orders-of-magnitude enhancement in third-order nonlinear susceptibility (χ<sup>(3)</sup>) and nonlinear refractive index (n<sub>2</sub>). These results underscore the efficacy of PbTe in tailoring PVC’s optical response, making these composites promising for nonlinear photonics, optical coatings, and IR technologies.</p>

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Synthesis and Characterization of Polyvinyl Chloride/PbTe Polymer Nanocomposites for Optoelectronic Applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月14日

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  • W. S. Mohamed,
  • N. M. A. Hadia,
  • Taha Abdel Mohaymen Taha

摘要

This study explores the development and characterization of novel polyvinyl chloride (PVC)/lead telluride (PbTe) nanocomposite films for advanced optoelectronic applications. PbTe nanopowder, synthesized via a hydrothermal method and exhibiting a cubic crystal structure with an average size of ~ 18 nm, were incorporated into a PVC matrix at concentrations of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 wt% using solution casting. TEM analysis revealed that the PbTe nanopowder consists of one-dimensional nanorods with lengths of 30–70 nm and diameters of 10–20 nm. Structural and morphological analyses confirmed the successful dispersion of PbTe without agglomeration. Optical characterization revealed that the direct band gap decreased from 5.75 eV (pure PVC) to 5.70–5.72 eV, while the indirect band gap showed a slight reduction from 5.52 eV to 5.48–5.50 eV. The static refractive index (no) increased substantially from 1.43 (pure PVC) to 1.82 (0.3 wt% PbTe), indicating enhanced polarizability. The nanocomposites also exhibited a rise in reflectance and a decline in transmittance due to PbTe-induced scattering and absorption. The Wemple-DiDomenico model quantified a dramatic increase in dispersion energy (Ed) and oscillator strength (f), leading to orders-of-magnitude enhancement in third-order nonlinear susceptibility (χ(3)) and nonlinear refractive index (n2). These results underscore the efficacy of PbTe in tailoring PVC’s optical response, making these composites promising for nonlinear photonics, optical coatings, and IR technologies.