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Background <p>Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a widely used solvent in various industries, including chemistry, dry cleaning, and textiles. Classified as a Group I carcinogen, TCE is associated with neurotoxicity and an increased risk of liver and kidney cancers. Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (CCRCC) is the most prevalent type of renal cell carcinoma, accounting for 60% to 80% of all cases. Despite stringent regulations due to the health risks of TCE, individuals may still be exposed to it through air, water, food, and other environmental pathways. Prolonged exposure to TCE could adversely affect the survival rates and overall health of patients with CCRCC.</p> Methods <p>In this study, we utilized bioinformatics to develop a prognostic model based on TCE-related genes in CCRCC. We also explored the molecular mechanisms by which TCE may influence CCRCC progression using network toxicology analysis.</p> Results <p>Our results indicate that TCE increases the mutation rate of genes in CCRCC, reduces the sensitivity of patients to immunotherapeutic drugs, and alters the immune microenvironment by increasing the number of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Furthermore, TCE may contribute to tumor progression through interactions with key core genes, The prognostic model indicates that the Hazard ratio rate of TCE in the test set and validation set is greater than 1, at 4.66 and 3.49 respectively, which suggests that TCE significantly affects the prognosis of CCRCC.</p> Conclusion <p>This study successfully established the association between TCE exposure and CCRCC prognosis by utilizing online datasets, revealing potential pathways through which TCE affects CCRCC prognosis, and identifying seven key genes that may serve as potential targets influencing the progression of CCRCC in patients exposed to TCE. These findings provide valuable reference for the treatment of CCRCC patients exposed to TCE and lay the groundwork for further exploration of related molecular mechanisms.</p>

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Combining bioinformatics and network toxicology to reveal the effects of environmental exposure to trichloroethylene on patients with Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月28日

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  • Shihao Zhang,
  • Weimao Zhan,
  • Lei Rao,
  • Manjiao Zhuang

摘要

Background

Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a widely used solvent in various industries, including chemistry, dry cleaning, and textiles. Classified as a Group I carcinogen, TCE is associated with neurotoxicity and an increased risk of liver and kidney cancers. Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (CCRCC) is the most prevalent type of renal cell carcinoma, accounting for 60% to 80% of all cases. Despite stringent regulations due to the health risks of TCE, individuals may still be exposed to it through air, water, food, and other environmental pathways. Prolonged exposure to TCE could adversely affect the survival rates and overall health of patients with CCRCC.

Methods

In this study, we utilized bioinformatics to develop a prognostic model based on TCE-related genes in CCRCC. We also explored the molecular mechanisms by which TCE may influence CCRCC progression using network toxicology analysis.

Results

Our results indicate that TCE increases the mutation rate of genes in CCRCC, reduces the sensitivity of patients to immunotherapeutic drugs, and alters the immune microenvironment by increasing the number of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Furthermore, TCE may contribute to tumor progression through interactions with key core genes, The prognostic model indicates that the Hazard ratio rate of TCE in the test set and validation set is greater than 1, at 4.66 and 3.49 respectively, which suggests that TCE significantly affects the prognosis of CCRCC.

Conclusion

This study successfully established the association between TCE exposure and CCRCC prognosis by utilizing online datasets, revealing potential pathways through which TCE affects CCRCC prognosis, and identifying seven key genes that may serve as potential targets influencing the progression of CCRCC in patients exposed to TCE. These findings provide valuable reference for the treatment of CCRCC patients exposed to TCE and lay the groundwork for further exploration of related molecular mechanisms.