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Objective <p>The present study investigated the level of pesticide residues in soil, water, and rice grain samples in various agricultural zones under Hirakud command area and evaluated associated human health risks.</p> Methods <p>Pesticide residues in various matrices were quantified using LCMSMS. Human health risks associated with exposure to pesticide residues through dietary as well as non-dietary routes were estimated using the USEPA method. Cancer burden was assessed using hospital-based survey and correlated to pesticide exposure as well as health risk.</p> Results <p>Out of 13 pesticides detected in soil, water and rice grain, 8 were compounds with higher carcinogenic potential. Carcinogenic pesticides such as Aldrin, Dieldrin, Heptachlor epoxide, αHCH and βHCH ranged from 0.313–1.084 (µg/g), 0.112–0.877 (µg/g), 0.035–0.135(µg/g), 0.020–0.838(µg/g) and 0.113–0.957(µg/g) in soil, αHCH, DDT, Chlorpyrifos 0.118–0.773 (µg/L),0.05–1.39(µg/L) and 0.309–1.172 (µg/L) in water and αHCH, βHCH, Chlorpyrifos 0.008–0.557 (µg/g), 0.045–0.212(µg/g) and 0.058–0.106 (µg/g) in rice grain across different agricultural zones. Carcinogenic risk of pesticide residues through dietary sources was found to be high compared to non-dietary sources. Dietary exposure to Heptachlor epoxide, dieldrin, aldrin and αHCH through rice grain and water posed high carcinogenic risk respectively while non-dietary exposure to Aldrin, and Dieldrin through soil ingestion and dermal root showed moderate to low carcinogenic risk.</p> Conclusions <p>Enhanced Incidence of cancer in intense agricultural areas reporting higher concentrations of carcinogenic pesticides in water and rice grains indicated a closer association of pesticide exposure with cancer incidence.</p>

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Carcinogenic risk associated with dietary and non-dietary exposure to pesticide residues around Hirakud Command Area, Odisha, India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月6日

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  • Ashish Kumar Sahu,
  • Pralaya Biswas,
  • Sawan Kumar Sahoo,
  • Syed Nikhat Ahmed,
  • Soumya Ranjan Nath,
  • Kabita Manjari Majhi,
  • Bikram Sen Sahu,
  • Pradeep Kumar Naik,
  • Iswar Baitharu

摘要

Objective

The present study investigated the level of pesticide residues in soil, water, and rice grain samples in various agricultural zones under Hirakud command area and evaluated associated human health risks.

Methods

Pesticide residues in various matrices were quantified using LCMSMS. Human health risks associated with exposure to pesticide residues through dietary as well as non-dietary routes were estimated using the USEPA method. Cancer burden was assessed using hospital-based survey and correlated to pesticide exposure as well as health risk.

Results

Out of 13 pesticides detected in soil, water and rice grain, 8 were compounds with higher carcinogenic potential. Carcinogenic pesticides such as Aldrin, Dieldrin, Heptachlor epoxide, αHCH and βHCH ranged from 0.313–1.084 (µg/g), 0.112–0.877 (µg/g), 0.035–0.135(µg/g), 0.020–0.838(µg/g) and 0.113–0.957(µg/g) in soil, αHCH, DDT, Chlorpyrifos 0.118–0.773 (µg/L),0.05–1.39(µg/L) and 0.309–1.172 (µg/L) in water and αHCH, βHCH, Chlorpyrifos 0.008–0.557 (µg/g), 0.045–0.212(µg/g) and 0.058–0.106 (µg/g) in rice grain across different agricultural zones. Carcinogenic risk of pesticide residues through dietary sources was found to be high compared to non-dietary sources. Dietary exposure to Heptachlor epoxide, dieldrin, aldrin and αHCH through rice grain and water posed high carcinogenic risk respectively while non-dietary exposure to Aldrin, and Dieldrin through soil ingestion and dermal root showed moderate to low carcinogenic risk.

Conclusions

Enhanced Incidence of cancer in intense agricultural areas reporting higher concentrations of carcinogenic pesticides in water and rice grains indicated a closer association of pesticide exposure with cancer incidence.