The regional distribution of dengue fever in Thailand and other emerging countries in Southeast Asia: a literature review
摘要
Dengue fever has continuously become a global public health concern, especially in Southeast Asia. This study aimed to describe the situation of dengue transmission on multiple scales. Global and national prevention and control strategies have also been discussed. The results of comparison dengue cases in 2021 and 2022 during the corresponding period demonstrated that infected dengue cases have dramatically increased (over 100%) in five locations named Vietnam, Singapore, Philippines, Malaysia, and Lao. Among those countries, Lao and Malaysia shared the border with Thailand in northern and southern region, respectively. Reasonably, tropical zone created more favorable conditions for breeding sites of most mosquito-borne infectious diseases. According to five-year endemic dengue data in Thailand, both social (Urbanization or population density) and environmental factors (rainfall and forest area) were mainly associated to dengue transmission in repeated areas. In addition, the existing national strategies for prevention and control provided by Thailand’s government have covered three major scopes including improvement of environment, training the human knowledge and awareness, and enhancing research. However, the highest incidence rate of dengue outbreak was recently found in children to adolescents (5–14 years) with 400.01 per 100,000 population, while the second group was adults (15–34 years) with 337.22 cases per 100,000 population. The findings of this study indicate that the encouragement of knowledge accessibility in two target groups (children to adolescents and adults) may be used appropriately as sustainable strategies to cope with future dengue outbreak.