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Objectives <p>The preventative effects of a hydroalcoholic extract of <i>Zataria multiflora</i> (ZM) on hippocampal oxidative stress and memory alterations caused by inhaled paraquat (PQ) in rats were investigated.</p> Method <p>The study included a control group of male Wistar rats administered saline (Ctrl) and PQ groups (54&#xa0;mg/m<sup>3</sup>) aerosol eight times in alternate days. PQ groups were treated with two ZM extract doses (ZM-L and ZM-H), pioglitazone (Pio), combination of ZM-L + Pio and dexamethasone (Dexa) during PQ exposure (for 16&#xa0;days). The doses and procedures were selected based on previous studies. Morris Water Maze (MWM) and shuttle box tests, as well as measurements of oxidative stress markers in the hippocampus, total and differential white blood cell (WBC) counts were performed.</p> Results <p>PQ significantly increased total and differential WBC, MDA levels, escape latency and travelled distance in MWM test, but it reduced CAT, SOD, thiol levels, and time latency 24–72&#xa0;h post-electric shock. Compared to the PQ group, ZM-L, ZM-H, Pio + ZM-L, and Dexa treatments significantly reverse the alterations of total and differential WBC, MDA, CAT, SOD, and thiol levels. ZM-H, Pio + ZM-L, and Dexa treatments decreased the escape latency on days 2–5, travelled distance on day 3, and time latency at 24–72&#xa0;h post-electric shock. ZM-H had more preventive effects on most measured variables than ZM-L. The Pio + ZM-L group showed significantly greater effect than Pio on some measured variable than ZM-L (from <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05 to <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001 for all).</p> Conclusion <p>The study found that ZM similar to Dexa reduced PQ-induced hippocampal oxidative injury and memory alterations in a preventative manner. Additionally, Pio + ZM-L showed a synergistic effect, indicating that PPARγ-mediated processes play a role in preventive advantages of ZM.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Examining the preventive effect of Zataria multiflora Boiss on paraquat-induced behavioral impairment and hippocampal oxidative stress

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月26日

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  • Mahboobeh Ghasemzadeh Rahbardar,
  • Reyhaneh Khosravi,
  • Sima Beigoli,
  • Parisa Sarbaz,
  • Sabiheh Amirahmadi,
  • Mahmoud Hosseini,
  • Hadi Sarir,
  • Mohammad Hossein Boskabady

摘要

Objectives

The preventative effects of a hydroalcoholic extract of Zataria multiflora (ZM) on hippocampal oxidative stress and memory alterations caused by inhaled paraquat (PQ) in rats were investigated.

Method

The study included a control group of male Wistar rats administered saline (Ctrl) and PQ groups (54 mg/m3) aerosol eight times in alternate days. PQ groups were treated with two ZM extract doses (ZM-L and ZM-H), pioglitazone (Pio), combination of ZM-L + Pio and dexamethasone (Dexa) during PQ exposure (for 16 days). The doses and procedures were selected based on previous studies. Morris Water Maze (MWM) and shuttle box tests, as well as measurements of oxidative stress markers in the hippocampus, total and differential white blood cell (WBC) counts were performed.

Results

PQ significantly increased total and differential WBC, MDA levels, escape latency and travelled distance in MWM test, but it reduced CAT, SOD, thiol levels, and time latency 24–72 h post-electric shock. Compared to the PQ group, ZM-L, ZM-H, Pio + ZM-L, and Dexa treatments significantly reverse the alterations of total and differential WBC, MDA, CAT, SOD, and thiol levels. ZM-H, Pio + ZM-L, and Dexa treatments decreased the escape latency on days 2–5, travelled distance on day 3, and time latency at 24–72 h post-electric shock. ZM-H had more preventive effects on most measured variables than ZM-L. The Pio + ZM-L group showed significantly greater effect than Pio on some measured variable than ZM-L (from p < 0.05 to p < 0.001 for all).

Conclusion

The study found that ZM similar to Dexa reduced PQ-induced hippocampal oxidative injury and memory alterations in a preventative manner. Additionally, Pio + ZM-L showed a synergistic effect, indicating that PPARγ-mediated processes play a role in preventive advantages of ZM.

Graphical abstract