Urban forests as social-ecological landscapes: memory and well-being pathways in Indonesia
摘要
Urban forests in the Global South function as social-ecological infrastructures shaped by overlapping recreational practices, tourist mobilities, and ecological pressures, yet little is known about how different visitor groups interpret and value these landscapes. This study examines Taman Hutan Raya Ir. H. Djuanda (Tahura) in Bandung to analyse how ecosystem-service awareness, recreational behaviour, environmental memory, and well-being interact within a multifunctional urban forest. Using a mixed-methods design, 218 visitors were surveyed on perceptions of ecosystem services, perceived threats, recreational patterns, childhood nature experience, and post-visit well-being. Results show that visitors strongly recognise sensory and experiential ecosystem services, while regulating functions central to climate adaptation remain largely invisible, revealing a gap between ecological planning and social interpretation. Recreational patterns reflect Tahura’s hybrid role as everyday nature for local users and a tourism landscape for non-local visitors. Structural modelling identifies distinct well-being pathways: locals derive well-being from ecological awareness formed through repeated engagement, whereas tourists rely more on affective uplift linked to novelty. Childhood nature experience increases ecosystem awareness among tourists but contributes to displacement among long-term local users whose environmental memories no longer align with current conditions. The study demonstrates that sustainability in urban forests hinges on aligning ecological functionality with socially constructed meanings shaped by diverse temporalities of use.