<p>Sweden has a long-standing tradition of incorporating Environmental Education (EE) and Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) into its school curriculum, which might suggest high pro-environmental behavior among higher education students. In this study, we have investigated the extent to which higher education students at a Swedish university express environmental citizenship behavior and, in relation to this, how environmental citizenship factors interact with demographic variables such as age and gender. The sample used in this study is composed of 371 students who responded to an online survey. The results indicate that the Swedish students in this study demonstrate relatively high eco-citizenship competences in all ages across several areas. However, the results also indicate a generational effect where the students older than 30 scored higher on values concerning respecting nature and protecting the environment, and they also seemed more willing to act as agents of change. The generational differences reflected in the results may be a consequence of the educational shift in Sweden over the years. From the late twentieth century, the discourse shifted from EE, which focused on ecological awareness and conservation, to ESD, which takes a broader view and integrates environmental, social, and economic sustainability. The results have implications for higher education institutions when designing education to promote pro-environmental behavior across different age groups, as there may be generational differences in perspectives on sustainability and environmental awareness.</p>