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Background <p>In rural India, diabetes management is often challenged by limited healthcare access, making family and community support essential.</p> Objective <p>This study evaluates the availability and impact of social support on diabetes management among adults aged 18–59&#xa0;years in villages under Sarjapur PHC, Anekal Taluk, Bangalore Urban District.</p> Methods <p>A cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2022 to August 2024, involving 328 type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients diagnosed for at least three months. Participants from 25 villages were selected via proportional random sampling. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire covering sociodemographic and diabetes-related details, along with social support domains, including transport assistance, financial support, medication reminders, dietary support, physical activity encouragement, and emotional support (IEC Ref No: 114/2022).</p> Results <p>Among 328 participants (mean age 48.5 ± 1.85&#xa0;years), 59.1% were male, and 74.1% were aged 46–59&#xa0;years. Hypertension (42.9%) was the most common comorbidity. Health insurance coverage was 54.6%, with 11.6% reporting irregular health visits. Overall, 42.7% of participants had good glycaemic control. In univariate analysis, support related to food expenses, glucometer use, foot care, emotional reassurance, and exercising with a companion was associated with better glycaemic control, while criticism was associated with poorer control (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). In multivariable analysis, exercising with a companion remained independently associated with improved glycaemic control (AOR 1.48, 95% CI 1.12–1.97, <i>p</i> = 0.007), whereas criticism from family members was independently associated with poorer control (AOR 0.72, 95% CI 0.62–0.85, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p> Conclusion <p>Social support influences glycaemic control among adults with diabetes in rural settings. Companion-assisted exercise independently improves glycaemic outcomes, whereas negative interpersonal interactions such as criticism adversely affect control. Interventions strengthening positive family engagement and peer support may enhance diabetes management in resource-limited communities.</p>

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Social support in diabetes management among adults aged 18–59 years in rural Bangalore: a cross-sectional study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月16日

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  • Sayvithaa Shalini V.,
  • Twinkle Agrawal

摘要

Background

In rural India, diabetes management is often challenged by limited healthcare access, making family and community support essential.

Objective

This study evaluates the availability and impact of social support on diabetes management among adults aged 18–59 years in villages under Sarjapur PHC, Anekal Taluk, Bangalore Urban District.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2022 to August 2024, involving 328 type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients diagnosed for at least three months. Participants from 25 villages were selected via proportional random sampling. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire covering sociodemographic and diabetes-related details, along with social support domains, including transport assistance, financial support, medication reminders, dietary support, physical activity encouragement, and emotional support (IEC Ref No: 114/2022).

Results

Among 328 participants (mean age 48.5 ± 1.85 years), 59.1% were male, and 74.1% were aged 46–59 years. Hypertension (42.9%) was the most common comorbidity. Health insurance coverage was 54.6%, with 11.6% reporting irregular health visits. Overall, 42.7% of participants had good glycaemic control. In univariate analysis, support related to food expenses, glucometer use, foot care, emotional reassurance, and exercising with a companion was associated with better glycaemic control, while criticism was associated with poorer control (p < 0.05). In multivariable analysis, exercising with a companion remained independently associated with improved glycaemic control (AOR 1.48, 95% CI 1.12–1.97, p = 0.007), whereas criticism from family members was independently associated with poorer control (AOR 0.72, 95% CI 0.62–0.85, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Social support influences glycaemic control among adults with diabetes in rural settings. Companion-assisted exercise independently improves glycaemic outcomes, whereas negative interpersonal interactions such as criticism adversely affect control. Interventions strengthening positive family engagement and peer support may enhance diabetes management in resource-limited communities.