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Background <p>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common metabolic disease globally. In recent years, studies suggesting an association between DM and lumbar disc degeneration (LDD) have emerged. Nevertheless, no clear causal relationship between them has been established.</p> Objective <p>To investigate the relationship between DM and the severity of LDD.</p> Methods <p>We categorized 164 patients into three groups; Group 1 comprised those without DM (<i>n</i> = 59), Group 2 those with pre-diabetes (preDM) (<i>n</i> = 53), and Group 3 those with DM (<i>n</i> = 52). Our data encompassed gender, age, smoking history, duration of DM, and DM medications. The severity of LDD was assessed using the 5-level Pfirrmann grading system.</p> Results <p>Age was the only independent predictor of LDD severity [OR: 1.110 (1.035 – 1.190), <i>p</i>-value = .003] in the non-diabetic group. In the pre-diabetic group, age [OR: 1.092 (1.017 – 1.172), <i>p</i>-value = .015], fasting blood glucose (FBG) [OR: 1.036 (1.004 – 1.068), <i>p</i>-value = .027], and hemoglobin A1C (A1C) [OR: 26.549 (2.892 – 243.715), <i>p</i>-value = .004] were the main predictive factors. In the diabetic group, an exploratory correlation was observed between the Pfirrmann score and A1C (r = 0.288, <i>p</i>-value = .039); however, multivariate analysis revealed no significant predictors for more severe LDD.</p> Conclusions <p>Higher A1C levels were modestly associated with increased LDD severity in diabetic and pre-diabetic patients; however, findings were inconsistent across analyses and should be interpreted as exploratory. Larger, prospective studies are needed to clarify this relationship.</p>

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Diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for more severe lumbar disc degeneration: a retrospective study of a Jordanian population

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月26日

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  • Adnan Abedalqader Almallah,
  • Tamer Abuelsamen,
  • Jehad Feras AlSamhori,
  • Omar Neqresh,
  • Jude Abdulhameed,
  • Tala Al-Jaafreh,
  • Azmy Hadidy,
  • Dema Al-Weshah,
  • Fadi Al-Hadidi

摘要

Background

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common metabolic disease globally. In recent years, studies suggesting an association between DM and lumbar disc degeneration (LDD) have emerged. Nevertheless, no clear causal relationship between them has been established.

Objective

To investigate the relationship between DM and the severity of LDD.

Methods

We categorized 164 patients into three groups; Group 1 comprised those without DM (n = 59), Group 2 those with pre-diabetes (preDM) (n = 53), and Group 3 those with DM (n = 52). Our data encompassed gender, age, smoking history, duration of DM, and DM medications. The severity of LDD was assessed using the 5-level Pfirrmann grading system.

Results

Age was the only independent predictor of LDD severity [OR: 1.110 (1.035 – 1.190), p-value = .003] in the non-diabetic group. In the pre-diabetic group, age [OR: 1.092 (1.017 – 1.172), p-value = .015], fasting blood glucose (FBG) [OR: 1.036 (1.004 – 1.068), p-value = .027], and hemoglobin A1C (A1C) [OR: 26.549 (2.892 – 243.715), p-value = .004] were the main predictive factors. In the diabetic group, an exploratory correlation was observed between the Pfirrmann score and A1C (r = 0.288, p-value = .039); however, multivariate analysis revealed no significant predictors for more severe LDD.

Conclusions

Higher A1C levels were modestly associated with increased LDD severity in diabetic and pre-diabetic patients; however, findings were inconsistent across analyses and should be interpreted as exploratory. Larger, prospective studies are needed to clarify this relationship.