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Background <p>Patients with diabetic microvascular complications appear particularly at higher risk of accelerated atherosclerosis. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), flow-mediated vasodilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery, and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) are non-invasive instrumental tools able to detect subclinical atherosclerosis by detection of endothelial dysfunction and arterial wall stiffness.</p> Objective <p>To evaluate ED and arterial wall stiffness in adults with diabetic microvascular complications without clinically overt macrovascular disease by CIMT, FMD of the brachial artery, and cf-PWV, aiming to determine the atherosclerosis risk in this group of patients.</p> Methods <p>A case–control study was performed on 150 adults divided into three groups: (Group A) fifty patients with diabetic microvascular complications without any overt macrovascular disease, (Group B) fifty patients with diabetic overt macrovascular disease, and (Group C) fifty non-diabetic controls matched in age and gender. All participants were exposed to history, examination, laboratory tests, including glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum creatinine, lipid profile, and albumin/creatinine (A/C) ratio, fundus examination, electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiography, ankle/brachial index (ABI), CIMT, FMD, and cf-PWV.</p> Results <p>The microvascular group had significantly higher CIMT, cf-PWV, and lower FMD than the control group (<i>p</i>-value &lt; 0.001 for each). CIMT and PWV were positively correlated with blood pressure, low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and HbA1c, while FMD was negatively correlated.</p> Conclusions <p>Diabetic microvascular complications are associated with endothelial dysfunction and arterial wall stiffness, accelerating the atherosclerosis progression.</p>

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Arterial wall stiffness and its correlation with microvascular dysfunction in diabetic patients

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月10日

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  • Shrook Mousa,
  • Alaa Abdelhamid,
  • Shereen El-Sawy,
  • Dina Farouk,
  • Mai Elshenoufy

摘要

Background

Patients with diabetic microvascular complications appear particularly at higher risk of accelerated atherosclerosis. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), flow-mediated vasodilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery, and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) are non-invasive instrumental tools able to detect subclinical atherosclerosis by detection of endothelial dysfunction and arterial wall stiffness.

Objective

To evaluate ED and arterial wall stiffness in adults with diabetic microvascular complications without clinically overt macrovascular disease by CIMT, FMD of the brachial artery, and cf-PWV, aiming to determine the atherosclerosis risk in this group of patients.

Methods

A case–control study was performed on 150 adults divided into three groups: (Group A) fifty patients with diabetic microvascular complications without any overt macrovascular disease, (Group B) fifty patients with diabetic overt macrovascular disease, and (Group C) fifty non-diabetic controls matched in age and gender. All participants were exposed to history, examination, laboratory tests, including glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum creatinine, lipid profile, and albumin/creatinine (A/C) ratio, fundus examination, electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiography, ankle/brachial index (ABI), CIMT, FMD, and cf-PWV.

Results

The microvascular group had significantly higher CIMT, cf-PWV, and lower FMD than the control group (p-value < 0.001 for each). CIMT and PWV were positively correlated with blood pressure, low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and HbA1c, while FMD was negatively correlated.

Conclusions

Diabetic microvascular complications are associated with endothelial dysfunction and arterial wall stiffness, accelerating the atherosclerosis progression.