Background <p>Respiratory sarcopenia (RS) is a condition characterized by the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength in the respiratory muscles, in the presence of low appendicular skeletal muscle mass.</p> Objective <p>This review aims to explore the multifaceted aspects of RS, focusing on its etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, potential treatment strategies, research gaps, and future directions.</p> Methods <p>An up-to-date literature search from the databases of Medline/PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science was done using specific keywords, in March 2024. Appropriate published literature in the English language with available full text was used for this review.</p> Results <p>RS, an emerging concept, highlights the link between generalized sarcopenia and weakness of the respiratory muscles. Aging, pro-inflammatory state, malnutrition, and lack of exercise are the major risk factors for developing RS. RS can arise due to various underlying diseases, creating a complex interplay that worsens health outcomes. It contributes to impaired ventilation, reduced exercise capacity, and an increased risk of respiratory failure. It is also linked to various non-respiratory diseases. Despite growing interest in this condition, several research gaps persist, highlighting the need for further investigation and exploration.</p> Conclusion <p>RS is an important pathological state, connected to generalized sarcopenia, multiple respiratory morbidities, and several other diseases. Literature is scarce on this topic, and more research is required.</p>