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<p>The use of nanoparticles (NPs) in agriculture has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance plant growth and productivity. This study explores the effect of chemically synthesized copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuS NPs) on linseed growth, productivity, biochemical response and bioaccumulation of metal in plants. The oil was also subjected to biodiesel production and characterization. CuS NPs applied by broadcasting markedly increased agronomic parameters including root length (24.88%), shoot length (6.51%), branches per plant (41.94%), dry weight per plant (89.5%), capsule per plant (44.62%), seeds per capsule (12.74%), and oil percentage (15.29%) as compare to control plants. A mild increase in superoxide dismutase (0.215 nM/min/g FW), peroxidase (1.63 nM/min/g FW), and phenolic and flavonoid contents showed compensable oxidative variation in both root and shoot tissues of linseed plants. Atomic absorption spectrometry showed lower bioaccumulation factor and higher translocation factor in CuS NPs exposed linseed plants. The linseed oil was subjected to transesterification, achieving a biodiesel yield of 95% using 1% KOH catalyst and 6:1 oil to methanol ratio. Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) (¹H and ¹³C NMR) analyses ascertained the compositional integrity of linseed oil biodiesel. The fuel properties including pour point, cloud point, flash point, viscosity, density, sulfur content, ash content, and acid value of the biodiesel complies with international quality standards. The outcomes of the study suggest that CuS NPs offer a superior alternative to conventional copper fertilizer for improving plant productivity and biodiesel production, with potential implications for sustainable agriculture and bioenergy.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Copper sulfide nanoparticles improve Linum usitatissimum L. Growth, physiology, and oil yield for enhanced biofuel production

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月16日

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  • Jehangir Khan,
  • Mah Rukh,
  • Ihsan Ullah,
  • Muhammad Zia

摘要

The use of nanoparticles (NPs) in agriculture has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance plant growth and productivity. This study explores the effect of chemically synthesized copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuS NPs) on linseed growth, productivity, biochemical response and bioaccumulation of metal in plants. The oil was also subjected to biodiesel production and characterization. CuS NPs applied by broadcasting markedly increased agronomic parameters including root length (24.88%), shoot length (6.51%), branches per plant (41.94%), dry weight per plant (89.5%), capsule per plant (44.62%), seeds per capsule (12.74%), and oil percentage (15.29%) as compare to control plants. A mild increase in superoxide dismutase (0.215 nM/min/g FW), peroxidase (1.63 nM/min/g FW), and phenolic and flavonoid contents showed compensable oxidative variation in both root and shoot tissues of linseed plants. Atomic absorption spectrometry showed lower bioaccumulation factor and higher translocation factor in CuS NPs exposed linseed plants. The linseed oil was subjected to transesterification, achieving a biodiesel yield of 95% using 1% KOH catalyst and 6:1 oil to methanol ratio. Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) (¹H and ¹³C NMR) analyses ascertained the compositional integrity of linseed oil biodiesel. The fuel properties including pour point, cloud point, flash point, viscosity, density, sulfur content, ash content, and acid value of the biodiesel complies with international quality standards. The outcomes of the study suggest that CuS NPs offer a superior alternative to conventional copper fertilizer for improving plant productivity and biodiesel production, with potential implications for sustainable agriculture and bioenergy.

Graphical Abstract