Scholarlink

<p>In this study, we investigated the conversion of Averrhoa bilimbi fruit squash into microsphere hydrochar (mHC) through hydrothermal treatment, facilitated by the aggregation of initially formed biochar quantum dots (BQDs). The mHC is chemically surface modified (s-mHC) with hydroxyl (-OH) groups by KOH treatment at room temperature. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies revealed the existence of C-OH functional groups with a peak at 285.3&#xa0;eV, and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy established the presence of a C-H stretching. These chemical groups present on the surface of s-mHC facilitated 96% removal of ciprofloxacin (CIP), whereas unmodified hydrochar (i.e., mHC) showed 34% removal. The antibacterial activity of mHC and s-mHC was also investigated, and the results showed that mHC is more potent than s-mHC. Overall, this study provides details about the carbonization of Averrhoa bilimbi, a facile approach for surface chemical modification, application in the abatement of pharmaceuticals from water, and its antibacterial studies.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Averrhoa bilimbi-derived microsphere-hydrochar for removal of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride and antibacterial studies: insights on chemical surface modifications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月7日

查看全文
  • Milina Karadath,
  • Ramdas Balan,
  • M Senthilkumar,
  • D. Kishore Kumar,
  • Rahul Pillai

摘要

In this study, we investigated the conversion of Averrhoa bilimbi fruit squash into microsphere hydrochar (mHC) through hydrothermal treatment, facilitated by the aggregation of initially formed biochar quantum dots (BQDs). The mHC is chemically surface modified (s-mHC) with hydroxyl (-OH) groups by KOH treatment at room temperature. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies revealed the existence of C-OH functional groups with a peak at 285.3 eV, and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy established the presence of a C-H stretching. These chemical groups present on the surface of s-mHC facilitated 96% removal of ciprofloxacin (CIP), whereas unmodified hydrochar (i.e., mHC) showed 34% removal. The antibacterial activity of mHC and s-mHC was also investigated, and the results showed that mHC is more potent than s-mHC. Overall, this study provides details about the carbonization of Averrhoa bilimbi, a facile approach for surface chemical modification, application in the abatement of pharmaceuticals from water, and its antibacterial studies.

Graphical Abstract