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<p>This study investigated the anaerobic co-digestion (Aco-D) of landfill leachate (LL), waste activated sludge (WAS), and sewage scum (SS) to optimize methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) production and soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) removal. This research aims to address the challenges of sludge management and landfill leachate treatment while exploring sustainable energy recovery through biogas. A batch biogas production test (BMP) was performed in reactors containing various volumetric mixtures of LL, WAS, and SS, with a focus on optimizing the mixing ratio to improve the CH<sub>4</sub> yield and sCOD removal. A modified Gompertz model was applied to analyze CH<sub>4</sub> production, and desirability analysis was used to determine the optimal co-substrate proportions. The results showed that the highest CH<sub>4</sub> yield of 435.4 ± 13.2 mL per gram of volatile solids (VS) was achieved with equal proportions of each substrate (1/3 LL, 1/3 WAS, 1/3 SS). Maximum sCOD removal (74.9%) occurred with a mixture containing 1/6 LL, 1/6 WAS, and 2/3 SS. The co-digestion impact factor (CIF) revealed a significant synergy (CIF = 1.73) in the 1/3 mixture. The study concluded that the inclusion of LL in Aco-D not only enhanced the solubilization of WAS and SS but also provided a buffering effect, improving overall biogas production and reducing the lag phase duration in SS digestion, which justified the synergy found between the co-substrates. These findings highlight the potential of using Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant (MWWTP) effluents and landfill leachate for efficient waste-to-energy applications, offering a sustainable solution for sludge management and renewable energy generation.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Landfill leachate promotes synergistic effects in anaerobic digestion of municipal wastewater treatment sludge and scum: Modeling and mix ratio optimization

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月10日

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  • Leonardo Guimarães Marques,
  • Luiz Gustavo Zanolla Gotardo,
  • Jackeline Tatiane Gotardo

摘要

This study investigated the anaerobic co-digestion (Aco-D) of landfill leachate (LL), waste activated sludge (WAS), and sewage scum (SS) to optimize methane (CH4) production and soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) removal. This research aims to address the challenges of sludge management and landfill leachate treatment while exploring sustainable energy recovery through biogas. A batch biogas production test (BMP) was performed in reactors containing various volumetric mixtures of LL, WAS, and SS, with a focus on optimizing the mixing ratio to improve the CH4 yield and sCOD removal. A modified Gompertz model was applied to analyze CH4 production, and desirability analysis was used to determine the optimal co-substrate proportions. The results showed that the highest CH4 yield of 435.4 ± 13.2 mL per gram of volatile solids (VS) was achieved with equal proportions of each substrate (1/3 LL, 1/3 WAS, 1/3 SS). Maximum sCOD removal (74.9%) occurred with a mixture containing 1/6 LL, 1/6 WAS, and 2/3 SS. The co-digestion impact factor (CIF) revealed a significant synergy (CIF = 1.73) in the 1/3 mixture. The study concluded that the inclusion of LL in Aco-D not only enhanced the solubilization of WAS and SS but also provided a buffering effect, improving overall biogas production and reducing the lag phase duration in SS digestion, which justified the synergy found between the co-substrates. These findings highlight the potential of using Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant (MWWTP) effluents and landfill leachate for efficient waste-to-energy applications, offering a sustainable solution for sludge management and renewable energy generation.

Graphical abstract