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<p>Global water pollution has significantly increased due to rapid industrialization with population growth, particularly in the textile sector, where artificial dyes and the discharge of coloring agents have risen sharply. This research explores the effectiveness of ZnO-incorporated biomaterial consisting of <i>Musa paradisiaca</i> (banana) peels in removing methylene blue dye from industrial effluents. The biosorbents tested were banana peel (<i>Musa paradisiaca</i>) powders, specifically in their raw form (UBP) and treated form (TBP). The batch-scale removal of dye was optimized using UBP at pH 6 and with TBP at pH 4. It was found that the optimal adsorbent doses were 1.2&#xa0;g for UBP and 2.0&#xa0;g for TBP. Among various isothermal models, the Temkin model yielded the best fit for the equilibrium experimental data. The adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order kinetics (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.9998 for UBP and 0.9996 for TBP), and further investigation into the adsorption mechanism was conducted through intra-particle diffusion studies which shows a more promising effect on TBP with maximum adsorption capacity of 32.341&#xa0;mg/g. Thermodynamic parameters, including ΔG°, ΔS°, and ΔH° with values 4.508&#xa0;kJ/mol at 283&#xa0;K, 14.8604&#xa0;cal/deg.mol, and 0.8722&#xa0;kJ/mol respectively, were statistically computed for both biosorbents (UBP and TBP) indicating their endothermic and spontaneous nature.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Biomaterial consisting of ZnO-infused Musa paradisiaca peels for bioremediation of mutagenic methylene blue dye from wastewater

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月12日

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  • Muhammad Raza,
  • Rabia Rehman,
  • Sibgha Ayub,
  • Asfa Bajwa,
  • Mehwish Akram,
  • Mohammad Altaf,
  • Liviu Mitu

摘要

Global water pollution has significantly increased due to rapid industrialization with population growth, particularly in the textile sector, where artificial dyes and the discharge of coloring agents have risen sharply. This research explores the effectiveness of ZnO-incorporated biomaterial consisting of Musa paradisiaca (banana) peels in removing methylene blue dye from industrial effluents. The biosorbents tested were banana peel (Musa paradisiaca) powders, specifically in their raw form (UBP) and treated form (TBP). The batch-scale removal of dye was optimized using UBP at pH 6 and with TBP at pH 4. It was found that the optimal adsorbent doses were 1.2 g for UBP and 2.0 g for TBP. Among various isothermal models, the Temkin model yielded the best fit for the equilibrium experimental data. The adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order kinetics (R2 = 0.9998 for UBP and 0.9996 for TBP), and further investigation into the adsorption mechanism was conducted through intra-particle diffusion studies which shows a more promising effect on TBP with maximum adsorption capacity of 32.341 mg/g. Thermodynamic parameters, including ΔG°, ΔS°, and ΔH° with values 4.508 kJ/mol at 283 K, 14.8604 cal/deg.mol, and 0.8722 kJ/mol respectively, were statistically computed for both biosorbents (UBP and TBP) indicating their endothermic and spontaneous nature.

Graphical abstract