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<p>The exponential growth of biodiesel production has resulted in a global surplus of glycerol, a low-value byproduct that poses significant environmental and economic challenges. Addressing this issue, we propose a novel microwave-assisted catalytic process for the efficient conversion of glycerol into acrolein, a high-value chemical integral to the synthesis of biocides, acrylic acid, and pharmaceuticals. Utilizing copper-modified zeolites (Cu-Beta, Cu-HY, Cu-ZSM-5, and Cu-Mordenite) under microwave assisted, this study achieves remarkable efficiency and selectivity. Catalysts were synthesized via wet impregnation and calcined at 500&#xa0;°C, with structural integrity and uniform dispersion of Cu species confirmed through comprehensive characterization. Under optimized conditions (glycerol/catalyst ratio: 25.2, at 110 ± 2&#xa0;°C), Cu-HY demonstrated superior performance, achieving 93 ± 2% glycerol conversion and 75 ± 2% acrolein selectivity. Notably, Cu-HY retained &gt; 85 ± 2% glycerol conversion over six cycles, highlighting its exceptional recyclability and minimal deactivation. The process eliminates waste solvents and reduces energy consumption through microwave heating, aligning with circular economy principles and offering a sustainable alternative to fossil-derived acrolein production. By integrating green chemistry with industrial scalability, this work advances sustainable chemical manufacturing while positioning microwave-catalytic systems as transformative technologies for biorefinery applications. This approach underscores the potential for glycerol valorization to enhance biodiesel viability and mitigate environmental impacts.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Microwave-assisted conversion of glycerol to acrolein using copper-modified zeolites: a sustainable and recyclable catalytic approach

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月2日

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  • Jamna Prasad Gujar,
  • Bharat Modhera

摘要

The exponential growth of biodiesel production has resulted in a global surplus of glycerol, a low-value byproduct that poses significant environmental and economic challenges. Addressing this issue, we propose a novel microwave-assisted catalytic process for the efficient conversion of glycerol into acrolein, a high-value chemical integral to the synthesis of biocides, acrylic acid, and pharmaceuticals. Utilizing copper-modified zeolites (Cu-Beta, Cu-HY, Cu-ZSM-5, and Cu-Mordenite) under microwave assisted, this study achieves remarkable efficiency and selectivity. Catalysts were synthesized via wet impregnation and calcined at 500 °C, with structural integrity and uniform dispersion of Cu species confirmed through comprehensive characterization. Under optimized conditions (glycerol/catalyst ratio: 25.2, at 110 ± 2 °C), Cu-HY demonstrated superior performance, achieving 93 ± 2% glycerol conversion and 75 ± 2% acrolein selectivity. Notably, Cu-HY retained > 85 ± 2% glycerol conversion over six cycles, highlighting its exceptional recyclability and minimal deactivation. The process eliminates waste solvents and reduces energy consumption through microwave heating, aligning with circular economy principles and offering a sustainable alternative to fossil-derived acrolein production. By integrating green chemistry with industrial scalability, this work advances sustainable chemical manufacturing while positioning microwave-catalytic systems as transformative technologies for biorefinery applications. This approach underscores the potential for glycerol valorization to enhance biodiesel viability and mitigate environmental impacts.

Graphical abstract