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<p>The chemical activation of Moroccan olive pomace was studied using an experimental design to make a sift of the factors intervening in the preparation of activated carbons. The chemical activation process consisted of 3 bases and 3 acids impregnations followed by carbonization under nitrogen at various temperatures and residence times. The influence of different parameters during chemical activation, such as activation temperature, residence time, a chemical agent (3 acids and 3 bases), and impregnation ratio (chemical agent/olive pomace) was explored, and the optimum preparation conditions were determined. The experimental responses considered were (activated carbon yield (%), adsorption of iodine (I<sub>2</sub>), methylene blue (MB), and phenol. Varying between 13–69% for yield, 31–300&#xa0;mg/g for the adsorption of MB, 444–1100&#xa0;mg/g for the adsorption of I<sub>2</sub>, and 37–218&#xa0;mg/g for the adsorption of phenol. The diagram of the total effects represents each response. The validation of these results was applied to the resulting carbons to eliminate the micropollutants 2.4 D, MCPA, and humic acid using the equation of Langmuir to trace the isotherms of adsorption. An ultimate analysis of the olive pomace was made to determine the composition of the latter which justifies the choice of this lignocellulosic compound-like precursor of the activated carbon. Thermogravimetric analysis is used to follow the olive residue’s thermal decomposition and the effect of heating rate on its thermal degradation.</p>

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Key factors influencing the activation process of olive residue-derived activated carbons

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月4日

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  • Abdelaziz Ounas,
  • Imad Rabichi,
  • Zaina Izghri,
  • Abdelaziz Baçaoui,
  • Abdelrani Yaacoubi

摘要

The chemical activation of Moroccan olive pomace was studied using an experimental design to make a sift of the factors intervening in the preparation of activated carbons. The chemical activation process consisted of 3 bases and 3 acids impregnations followed by carbonization under nitrogen at various temperatures and residence times. The influence of different parameters during chemical activation, such as activation temperature, residence time, a chemical agent (3 acids and 3 bases), and impregnation ratio (chemical agent/olive pomace) was explored, and the optimum preparation conditions were determined. The experimental responses considered were (activated carbon yield (%), adsorption of iodine (I2), methylene blue (MB), and phenol. Varying between 13–69% for yield, 31–300 mg/g for the adsorption of MB, 444–1100 mg/g for the adsorption of I2, and 37–218 mg/g for the adsorption of phenol. The diagram of the total effects represents each response. The validation of these results was applied to the resulting carbons to eliminate the micropollutants 2.4 D, MCPA, and humic acid using the equation of Langmuir to trace the isotherms of adsorption. An ultimate analysis of the olive pomace was made to determine the composition of the latter which justifies the choice of this lignocellulosic compound-like precursor of the activated carbon. Thermogravimetric analysis is used to follow the olive residue’s thermal decomposition and the effect of heating rate on its thermal degradation.