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<p>Edible insects have gained recognition as sustainable protein sources with promising health benefits. The current study was aimed to quantify the major bio-active compounds present in aqueous extracts of spent silkworm (<i>Bombyx mori</i>) pupae and mealworm (<i>Tenebrio molitor</i>) larvae, and evaluate their bio-active potential. The total polyphenol content in extracts ranged from 150 to 330.26&#xa0;mg GAE/100&#xa0;g, while the flavonoid content varied from 2.19 to 37.6&#xa0;mg QE/100&#xa0;g. The presence of polyphenols in the extracts was confirmed through OH stretching observed in the FTIR spectra. LC–MS/MS analysis identified vanillic acid, gallic acid, caffeic acid, and syringic acid as major polyphenols. These extracts exhibited significant anti-oxidant activities, with mealworm cold extract showing the highest ABTS (3.28&#xa0;mM TE/100&#xa0;g) and FRAP (10.4&#xa0;mM FE/100&#xa0;g), whereas silkworm cold extract showed the highest DPPH radicle scavenging activity (1.85&#xa0;mg BHA eq/100&#xa0;g). Mealworm hot extracts demonstrated superior α-amylase inhibition (IC<sub>50</sub> 0.41&#xa0;mg/mL) and α-glucosidase inhibition (IC<sub>50</sub> 7.4&#xa0;mg/mL), while the mealworm cold extracts exhibited more effective lipase inhibition (IC<sub>50</sub> 0.43&#xa0;mg/mL). Correlation studies revealed that cold extracts positively correlated with anti-oxidant activity, with flavonoids playing a significant role in the extracts’ anti-diabetic and anti-obesity potential. Density functional theory correlation studies suggested that the preferred anti-oxidant mechanism of insect extracts was sequential proton loss electron transfer. These findings emphasize edible insects’ potential as rich sources of diverse bio-active elements with therapeutic effects, encouraging their application in food and pharmaceuticals.</p>

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Processing of silkworm (Bombyx mori) pupae waste and mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) larvae: Chemical characterization of extracts rich in anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-obesity activity

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月19日

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  • Siddaraju Anusha,
  • Pradeep Singh Negi

摘要

Edible insects have gained recognition as sustainable protein sources with promising health benefits. The current study was aimed to quantify the major bio-active compounds present in aqueous extracts of spent silkworm (Bombyx mori) pupae and mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) larvae, and evaluate their bio-active potential. The total polyphenol content in extracts ranged from 150 to 330.26 mg GAE/100 g, while the flavonoid content varied from 2.19 to 37.6 mg QE/100 g. The presence of polyphenols in the extracts was confirmed through OH stretching observed in the FTIR spectra. LC–MS/MS analysis identified vanillic acid, gallic acid, caffeic acid, and syringic acid as major polyphenols. These extracts exhibited significant anti-oxidant activities, with mealworm cold extract showing the highest ABTS (3.28 mM TE/100 g) and FRAP (10.4 mM FE/100 g), whereas silkworm cold extract showed the highest DPPH radicle scavenging activity (1.85 mg BHA eq/100 g). Mealworm hot extracts demonstrated superior α-amylase inhibition (IC50 0.41 mg/mL) and α-glucosidase inhibition (IC50 7.4 mg/mL), while the mealworm cold extracts exhibited more effective lipase inhibition (IC50 0.43 mg/mL). Correlation studies revealed that cold extracts positively correlated with anti-oxidant activity, with flavonoids playing a significant role in the extracts’ anti-diabetic and anti-obesity potential. Density functional theory correlation studies suggested that the preferred anti-oxidant mechanism of insect extracts was sequential proton loss electron transfer. These findings emphasize edible insects’ potential as rich sources of diverse bio-active elements with therapeutic effects, encouraging their application in food and pharmaceuticals.