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<p>Biochar has been widely recognized as an environmentally efficient adsorbent for removing heavy metals in wastewater. In this study, an Al(OH)<sub>3</sub>-modified sugarcane bagasse biochar (MSCB) was first prepared under slow pyrolysis at 350&#xa0;°C to enhance the removal efficiency of cadmium (Cd<sup>2+</sup>) from aqueous solution. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDX), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surfaces (BET) were used to interpret the characteristics of the biochar. The Box-Behnken design (BBD) was utilized to define the optimum conditions, including pH, Cd<sup>2+</sup> concentration, and time of each experimental run-through response surface methodology (RSM). ANOVA analysis indicated a strong positive correlation and the estimated correlation coefficient values (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> 0.9069) closely aligned with the adjusted value (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> 0.9865), providing strong evidence of a highly significant model for Cd<sup>2+</sup> adsorption. Additionally, the applicability of this model was assessed using the F-test (131.27) with a correspondingly low probability value (0.0001). The adsorption data better fitted the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm model suggested a chemisorption mechanism. The optimum Cd<sup>2+</sup> adsorption of 87.8% was achieved after 60&#xa0;min, at pH 8, and Cd<sup>2+</sup> initial concentration of 20&#xa0;mg /L. Thermodynamic parameter suggests that the system is spontaneous and endothermic. Therefore, MSCB exhibits great potential for application in the remediation of wastewater containing Cd<sup>2+</sup> as a low-cost and eco-friendly adsorbent.</p>

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Biochar from Al (OH)3-activated sugarcane bagasse for efficient removal of cadmium: Optimization using the response surface method (RSM)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月17日

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  • Mahmoud M. A. Bakr,
  • Yongtai Wang,
  • Peng Hao,
  • M. M. A. Dawoud,
  • Liangcai Peng,
  • Yanting Wang

摘要

Biochar has been widely recognized as an environmentally efficient adsorbent for removing heavy metals in wastewater. In this study, an Al(OH)3-modified sugarcane bagasse biochar (MSCB) was first prepared under slow pyrolysis at 350 °C to enhance the removal efficiency of cadmium (Cd2+) from aqueous solution. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDX), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surfaces (BET) were used to interpret the characteristics of the biochar. The Box-Behnken design (BBD) was utilized to define the optimum conditions, including pH, Cd2+ concentration, and time of each experimental run-through response surface methodology (RSM). ANOVA analysis indicated a strong positive correlation and the estimated correlation coefficient values (R2 0.9069) closely aligned with the adjusted value (R2 0.9865), providing strong evidence of a highly significant model for Cd2+ adsorption. Additionally, the applicability of this model was assessed using the F-test (131.27) with a correspondingly low probability value (0.0001). The adsorption data better fitted the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm model suggested a chemisorption mechanism. The optimum Cd2+ adsorption of 87.8% was achieved after 60 min, at pH 8, and Cd2+ initial concentration of 20 mg /L. Thermodynamic parameter suggests that the system is spontaneous and endothermic. Therefore, MSCB exhibits great potential for application in the remediation of wastewater containing Cd2+ as a low-cost and eco-friendly adsorbent.