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<p>The global issue of synthetic plastic waste necessitates biodegradable alternatives, and this study examines the enzymatic degradation of starch/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) films synthesized via solution casting. This work is novel in its demonstration of <i>Penicillium oxalicum</i> as a potent source of amylase and cellulase for the efficient degradation of starch/PVP films. Amylase achieved 95 ± 0.02% degradation within 18&#xa0;h at 50&#xa0;°C, with a peak enzyme yield of 9.4 ± 0.08&#xa0;IU/mL under optimized conditions, while degradation slowed at 30&#xa0;°C, reaching 80 ± 0.02% at 24&#xa0;h. Pure starch films degraded faster, achieving 100 ± 0.001% within 18&#xa0;h at 50&#xa0;°C, whereas synthetic LDPE films showed negligible degradation. Cellulase also proved effective, achieving 85 ± 0.04% degradation within 24&#xa0;h and complete breakdown within 36&#xa0;h at 50&#xa0;°C. Characterization revealed superior mechanical and thermal properties of starch/PVP films compared to pure starch, with tensile strength improvements (18.5 ± 2.6&#xa0;MPa vs. 2.4 ± 0.2&#xa0;MPa) and reduced thermal mass loss (8 ± 0.04% vs. 25 ± 0.05% at 150&#xa0;°C). Morphological and structural analyses via SEM, FTIR, and XRD confirmed significant degradation-induced changes, such as surface erosion, loss of crystallinity, and chemical bond alterations. The study is significant for its integration of material enhancement with biodegradability and its demonstration of fungal enzyme efficiency, paving the way for sustainable solutions to plastic waste. By achieving a balance between functionality and degradability, starch/PVP films emerge as a promising eco-friendly alternative for packaging and other industrial applications.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Penicillium oxalicum for enzymatic degradation of starch/polyvinylpyrrolidone plastic film

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月4日

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  • Yatika Dixit,
  • Preeti Yadav,
  • Hitakshi Asnani,
  • Arun Kumar Sharma

摘要

The global issue of synthetic plastic waste necessitates biodegradable alternatives, and this study examines the enzymatic degradation of starch/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) films synthesized via solution casting. This work is novel in its demonstration of Penicillium oxalicum as a potent source of amylase and cellulase for the efficient degradation of starch/PVP films. Amylase achieved 95 ± 0.02% degradation within 18 h at 50 °C, with a peak enzyme yield of 9.4 ± 0.08 IU/mL under optimized conditions, while degradation slowed at 30 °C, reaching 80 ± 0.02% at 24 h. Pure starch films degraded faster, achieving 100 ± 0.001% within 18 h at 50 °C, whereas synthetic LDPE films showed negligible degradation. Cellulase also proved effective, achieving 85 ± 0.04% degradation within 24 h and complete breakdown within 36 h at 50 °C. Characterization revealed superior mechanical and thermal properties of starch/PVP films compared to pure starch, with tensile strength improvements (18.5 ± 2.6 MPa vs. 2.4 ± 0.2 MPa) and reduced thermal mass loss (8 ± 0.04% vs. 25 ± 0.05% at 150 °C). Morphological and structural analyses via SEM, FTIR, and XRD confirmed significant degradation-induced changes, such as surface erosion, loss of crystallinity, and chemical bond alterations. The study is significant for its integration of material enhancement with biodegradability and its demonstration of fungal enzyme efficiency, paving the way for sustainable solutions to plastic waste. By achieving a balance between functionality and degradability, starch/PVP films emerge as a promising eco-friendly alternative for packaging and other industrial applications.

Graphical Abstract