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<p>The increasing use of plastics poses a significant threat to both the environment and human health. As a result, research efforts have focused on developing biodegradable alternatives such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). However, the high production cost of PHAs has been a major barrier to their widespread adoption. To address this, waste materials like oil left over frying operations can be utilized as cost-effective carbon substrates. In this study, waste cooking oil (WCO) was employed as a carbon source, urea as a nitrogen source, and Tween-80 as a surfactant for the production of PHA using <i>Bacillus megaterium</i> MTCC 428. Optimization of process parameters resulted in a high PHA yield of 77.9% (DCW), achieved with 24.523&#xa0;g/L WCO, 1.923&#xa0;g/L urea, and 2% v/v Tween-80. The produced PHA was characterized using untargeted metabolomics for a comparative analysis of monomers derived from unused oil and WCO. The results revealed that WCO enabled the production of additional monomers, such as hydroxyoctanoates (HO) and hydroxyvalerates (HV), alongside hydroxybutyrates (HB) and hydroxydecanoates (HD), highlighting its potential to enhance the functional diversity of PHAs.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Valorization of waste cooking oil (WCO) for production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) copolymers using Bacillus megaterium MTCC 428 and characterization by untargeted metabolomics

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月20日

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  • Saptaneel Ghosh,
  • Abhishek Dutt Tripathi,
  • Alisha Nandan,
  • Aparna Agarwal,
  • Veena Paul,
  • Ankita Hooda,
  • Himanshu Rai

摘要

The increasing use of plastics poses a significant threat to both the environment and human health. As a result, research efforts have focused on developing biodegradable alternatives such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). However, the high production cost of PHAs has been a major barrier to their widespread adoption. To address this, waste materials like oil left over frying operations can be utilized as cost-effective carbon substrates. In this study, waste cooking oil (WCO) was employed as a carbon source, urea as a nitrogen source, and Tween-80 as a surfactant for the production of PHA using Bacillus megaterium MTCC 428. Optimization of process parameters resulted in a high PHA yield of 77.9% (DCW), achieved with 24.523 g/L WCO, 1.923 g/L urea, and 2% v/v Tween-80. The produced PHA was characterized using untargeted metabolomics for a comparative analysis of monomers derived from unused oil and WCO. The results revealed that WCO enabled the production of additional monomers, such as hydroxyoctanoates (HO) and hydroxyvalerates (HV), alongside hydroxybutyrates (HB) and hydroxydecanoates (HD), highlighting its potential to enhance the functional diversity of PHAs.

Graphical Abstract